Bone Abstracts

Objectives: To assess the vitamin D nutrition status of healthy children in the age group 2–5 years and to assess the daily dietary calcium intake of these children.Methods: A total of 100 healthy children (age group 2–5 years) were studied in this cross sectional study. Dietary calcium and energy intake was estimated using 24 h dietary recall method. Average sun exposure over last 3 days was assessed by calculating u.v. score. Biochemical para...

Objective: In many traumatic or pathological conditions, bone turnover is low and osteoclast activity is reduced or abolished. We developed innovative hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds carrying RANKL expressing cells with the aim of supporting bone resorption when this is defective. Membrane-bound (m)RANKL is cleaved into soluble (s)RANKL by MMP14. We hypothesized that the osteoclastogenic potential of RANKL-producing cells could be improved if they were seeded on scaffolds engine...

Introduction: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized by low bone mass, skeletal fragility and, frequently, short stature. We previously showed in oim/oim mice that sclerostin inhibition increased bone mass, mineral content and strength. Here, we compared the body length and the sizes of long bones, head and vertebrae between oim/oim and wildtype mice and analyzed the effect of sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) on these parameters.Materials and methods:...

Background: At present, clinical assessment of bone strength in children predominantly relies bone mass measurement using absorptiometry (DXA) or QCT densitometric approaches. However, bone strength is not only dependent on mass/density, but also structural and material mechanical properties. Currently no technique measures bone mechanical properties. Recently, a new micro-indentation device, the reference point indentation (RPI) instrument has been validated for the measure o...

Objective: Idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) is defined as excessive 24 h urinary calcium excretion (>4 mg/kg per 24 h), that persists after correction of dietary imbalances in the absence of secondary causes. Recent studies with DXA in children with IH provide evidence of decreased areal BMD. We used peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) of the tibia, to test the hypothesis that IH results in decreases of volumetric (mg/cm3) BMD of the trabecular and/...

Background: We present an interesting case of a young child under bisphosphonates, for the treatment of juvenile osteoporosis (IJO), that developed a ‘bone in bone sign’, in several vertebral bodies, evident both on radiographs (CRX) and on magnetic resonance (MR) studies.Presenting problem: A 13-year-old girl was admitted in our hospital complaining with thoracolumbar pain. The patient had been diagnosed with IJO 2 years ago because of.a histo...

Background: Osteogenesis Imperfecta is commonly due to dominant mutations in type I collagen genes, COL1A1 and COL1A2. Recessive forms, which are rarer, are caused instead by mutations in various genes coding for proteins involved in collagen post-translational modifications, folding and secretion. A novel disease locus, SERPINF1, coding for pigment-epithelium-derived-factor (PEDF), a likely key factor in bone deposition and remodelling, has been fou...

Background: Recent data showed that some bone related markers (osteocalcin, 25OHD3) correlate with BMI in the pediatric population. From the other side, obesity in childhood can increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Increased oxidative stress can be one from the causative mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of almost every complication in obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between bone turnover markers, n...

Background: Vibration analysis is a well-established technique in industry to analyse materials physical properties. The application to bone’s physical properties is unclear. This study investigated the relationship between bone vibration frequency and mass:volume ratio (ρ).Methods: We used eight turkey bones (tibio tursus). Following soft tissue removal, a 12 cm diaphyseal section was isolated, marrow removed using a water jet and the...

Vascular calcification is a ubiquitous pathology in the aged and diseased vasculature occurring at two sites in the vessel wall; in the intima in association with atherosclerosis and in the media in association with ageing, diabetes, and end-stage renal disease. Calcification at either site is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes including increased risk of myocardial infarction and arterial stiffness. Numerous studies have observed that vascular calcification and c...