Bone Abstracts

Sclerostin, a product of osteocytes, is known to inhibit Wnt signaling by binding the LRP5/6 receptor.We investigated the effects of a mutated mouse sclerostin protein (muScl, R118A/R144A) with potential sclerostin antagonistic activity. In vitro, muScl fully competed with wild type sclerostin for binding to LRP6, whereas its IC50 for Wnt3a activity was 4× higher than sclerostin (i.e. 600 nM). Moreover, serum osteocalcin increased in mice a...

Background: Bone fragility and vascular calcifications are to the two main morbidities of the mineral and bone disorders associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting from a combination of abnormalities such as impaired GH axis, vitamin D deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, increased FGF23 levels, hypogonadism, denutrition and drug toxicity.Methods: In a single-centre ancillary study of the longitudinal prospective European 4C study (Cardiovascula...

Objectives: Ghrelin is a peptide hormone secreted in the stomach, which stimulates GH release and food intake. It is also known to have an effect on bone metabolism. The ghrelin specific receptor, GHS-R1a, belongs to the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Its downstream pathway in osteoblasts remains unclear. We attempted to clarify the way by which ghrelin acts on osteoblast differentiation.Methods: We studied two human osteosarcoma cell lines, MG63 a...

Fractures are common in childhood, but multiple fractures during growth could indicate osteoporosis. Children with frequent fractures might benefit from further investigations for osteoporosis and as such, obtaining an accurate fracture history is important. The 2013 International Society for Clinical Densitometry Paediatric Osteoporosis Position Statement defined a clinically significant fracture history as two long bone fractures before age 10 years or three long bo...

Overall cure rates for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have improved allowing the cure of over 85% of patients. At least 70% of survivors of childhood ALL cancers have substantial morbidities as a result of their treatment. There is evidence that survivors of ALL have increased rates of long-term skeletal muscle dysfunction and weakness. Our objective was to determine the percentage of patients with muscle dysfunctions (muscle force, power, endurance, and % of fit...

Recent studies suggest that the concentration and genotype of vitamin D binding protein are important factors that determine the bioavailability of 25OH Vit-D in blood. It has been suggested that measurement of free, non-protein bound 25OH Vit-D in serum, may provide more relevant diagnostic information than total 25OH Vit-D, for instance in chronic kidney disease, bladder cancer and pancreatic cancer, or in hemodialysis patients.To measure free 25OH Vit...

Background: We previously reported that serum periostin levels are determined by additive genetic effects. Whether serum levels and/or SNPs in the periostin gene (Postn) contribute to bone microstructure however remains unknown.Aim: To investigate the association between periostin levels, Postn SNPs, bone-mass and bone microarchitecture in a cohort of postmenopausal women.Methods: A total of 648 postmenopausal women from the Geneva...

Background: Periostin is a matricellular protein involved in bone modeling and remodeling through the modulation of WNT-β catenin signaling in osteoblasts and osteocytes.Aim: To investigate the interaction between polymorphisms of six periostin SNPs and other gene polymorphism involved in periostin expression and activity on periostin serum levels and bone microarchitecture in a cohort of postmenopausal women.Methods: A total ...

Objective: Individuals with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have difficulty coordinating movements and are often unable to perform common, age-appropriate tasks. Approximately 5–6% of school-aged children are affected by DCD and the condition may persist throughout adolescence and into adulthood. Australian adolescents with DCD have poor bone health compared to European normative data. It can be hypothesized that this is due to a lack of loading resulting from d...

Objectives: Adolescents with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have significantly lower bone mineral density (BMD) compared to their non-affected peers. Their difficulty in performing weight bearing movement skills is hypothesised to explain poorer bone characteristics. This feasibility study examined the impact of a 13-week exercise intervention on tibial bone parameters in adolescents with DCD.Methods: Twenty-eight adolescents with DCD particip...