Bone Abstracts

Background: Adult GH Deficiency (GHD) is associated with decreased bone mass and increased fracture risk. Recombinant human GH (rhGH) replacement therapy leads to progressive increases in bone mineral density (BMD) for up to 7 years of treatment, but little is known on longer term effects of rhGH therapy on bone mass or fracture risk.Methods: 230 GHD patients (mean age 47.1 years, 52.6% female) on rhGH replacement therapy for ≥5 years were included...

Objectives: Abnormal bone mass is one of the late effects which might affect childhood cancer survivors in their later life. There are a lot of studies assessing bone deficits in patients with blood cancer, however there is little research conducted on solid cancer survivors. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of low bone mass in analyzed group and to assess the influence of time after the end of treatment.Methods: A cross-sectional stu...

A 29 week pre-term female infant, Molly (not real name), was referred to our multi-disciplinary Metabolic Bone Disease Service at the age of 19 months, with a combined diagnosis of inherited osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and cerebral palsy (CP) spastic quadriplegia, resulting from a intra-ventricular haemorrhage at 7 weeks-old.Diagnosis of OI was confirmed at birth following fractures. Molly was treated with IV Pamidronate from the age of 6 weeks at a loc...

Vertebral fractures (VFX) are the most prevalent fracture associated with osteoporosis and often cause severe pain which can become chronic. VFX are associated with a high risk of further fracture, increased mortality, and reduced quality of life. Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are techniques involving the percutaneous injection of bone cement into one or more symptomatic fractured vertebrae. In vertebroplasty, cement is injected directly into the bone, while in kyphoplasty, c...

Osteoblasts line the inner surface of the bone and are located in close proximity to the bone marrow, where hematopoiesis takes place. Osteoblasts produce several cytokines that affect various steps of hematopoiesis, and produce fibronectin isoforms that affect cell differentiation. Little is known however on whether osteoblasts modulate the immune response. Our aim was to evaluate the role of fibronectin originating from the osteoblasts on hematopoiesis and the immune respons...

Objective: It was proved that expansive pedicle screw (EPS) could significantly enhance immediate screw stability through mechanical expanding and compressing. However, there were little researches on growth of bone tissue around screw and dynamic screw stability in vivo in osteoporotic vertebrae. This study was designed to evaluate growth and microstructure of bone tissue around screw and fixation strength of screw in osteoporotic sheep lumbar vertebrae.<p class=...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type VI is caused by recessive null mutations in SERPINF1, encoding pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), an anti-angiogenic secretory glycoprotein. Dominant mutations in IFITM5, encoding BRIL (Bone Restricted Ifitm-Like), a transmembrane protein upregulated in osteoblasts during mineralization, cause either type V OI (c.-14C>T, addition of 5 amino acids on BRIL) or atypical type VI OI (...

Cross talk between tumour cells and the host microenvironment plays a critical role in tumour progression. There have been multiple studies that have highlighted the importance of proteins secreted by tumour cells that then act on the tumour microenvironment and by proteins secreted by the host microenvironment that promote tumour progression at the metastatic niche. However, little is known regarding the role of physical forces on tumour progression.Bon...

The autophagy protein LC3 is necessary for bone resorption by osteoclasts, although it has been suggested that this may be through a novel, autophagy-independent process, by promoting lysosomal fusion at the ruffled border (RB). This process would be analogous to LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), in which LC3 is acquired by phagosomes through an autophagy-independent process, and controls phagosome maturation by promoting fusion with lysosomes. We have investigated this possi...

While the connection between under-nutrition and growth retardation is well documented, the opposite connection between over-nutrition and bone development was barely studied. For instance, obese children grow faster in height than normal-weighed children, and prospective studies demonstrated an over-presentation of obese children amongst fracture cases. Furthermore, little is known about the direct effect and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the diet or sin...