Bone Abstracts

Antenatal glucocorticoid (GC) injections are not only used to enhance fetal lung maturation in preterm children but also for the treatment of maternal conditions such as autoimmune diseases or infections. Animal models and clinical studies suggest that the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis is altered in the offspring of GC-treated mothers with increased sensitivity to stress.Objective: The aim of this study is i) to define t...

Epilepsy is a relatively common condition of childhood, with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) the mainstay of medical therapy. AED use in adults has been shown to be associated with impaired bone density and increased risk of bone fracture. Paediatric data are more limited particularly in relation to fracture risk and skeletal geometry.This study aimed to examine the within-pair differences in fracture prevalence and bone, muscle and balance parameters in sex...

Chronic stress and depression are associated with alterations in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal signalling cascade and considered a risk factor for bone loss and fractures. However, the mechanisms underlying the association between stress and poor bone health are unclear. Utilising a transgenic (tg) mouse model in which glucocorticoid signalling is selectively disrupted in mature osteoblasts and osteocytes (HSD2OB-tg mice), the current study examines t...

Chronic stress and depression are associated with alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal signalling cascade and considered a risk factor for bone loss and fractures. However, the mechanisms underlying the association between stress and poor bone health are unclear. Utilising a transgenic (tg) mouse model in which glucocorticoid signalling is selectively disrupted in mature osteoblasts and osteocytes (HSD2OB-tg mice), the current study examines the impact ...

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We have previously demonstrated the presence of circulating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in fracture patients. However, the exact time for their appearance in circulation remains unknown. Nine patients (five females, four males, age 70±12 years, range 55–89 years) with a fresh femoral neck fracture were recruited in the study, which was approved by the local ethical committee. Bone marrow (BM) sample drawn from the iliac crest of all patients served as the individua...

Glycosphingolipids (GSL) are essential structural components of mammalian cell membranes and lipid rafts that exert pleiotropic effects on cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Cancer associated GSL have been shown to promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis; however their role in osteoclast (OC) activation and the development of osteolytic bone diseases such as multiple myeloma are not known. We investigated the hypothesis that GSL contribute to OC acti...

Senile osteoporosis and age-related osteopenia are associated with decreased osteoblastogenesis and increased bone marrow adipogenesis. The mechanisms controlling the fate determination of osteoblast to adipocyte differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) during aging are not known. We and others previously showed that the cell-cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin (N-Cadh) expressed in osteoblasts controls bone formation, but little is known about its role in BMSC fate d...

Zoledronic acid (AZ), is considered first-line treatment for Paget’s disease (PD) of bone. The most common adverse event is flu-like syndrome, described between 10 and 50% of patients. Nowadays, there is not known exactly the molecular basis of this syndrome yet. Statins play an important role in the mevalonate pathway, blocking the production of proinflammatory cytokines secreted by T cells γ/δ.Objectives: Characterization and in...

Objectives: In the modern society, all individuals are exposed throughout life to a variety of chemicals, which may contribute significantly to the human disease burden. Most of these chemicals are transferred to the fetus in-utero and to the infant via mother’s milk. Until recently, few studies have addressed effects of chemicals on the development of mineralized tissues following exposure during these early stages of life. In this experimental study, we analyse...