Bone Abstracts

The objective of this study was to analyze measurement properties of BeamMed Omnisense quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the radial and tibial speed of sound (SoS) for assessing bone health and screening bone fragility in youth. Bone fragility was defined as low whole body less head bone mineral density (WBLH BMD) measured by DXA (first tertile, 95% CI: −1.1– (−0.9)) and as past history of fractures evaluated by questionnaire. The study was conducted with 319 n...

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Osteocytes differentiate from osteoblasts, are embedded in mineralised matrix and are critical regulators of bone remodelling. In vitro osteocyte models are limited to cell lines in monolayer, which do not represent their 3D environment in vivo. We have shown that osteoblasts in 3D gels differentiate along the osteocytic pathway. Since IGF1 regulates osteoblasts, and is involved in osteocyte response to mechanical loading, we hypothesised that IGF1 modulates ...

Objective: To identify predictors of inadequate response to oral bisphosphonate therapy, defined as the incidence of ≧2 fractures while on treatment among incident oral bisphosphonate users with high refill compliance (≧80%).Material and methods: Data from computerized records and pharmacy invoices were obtained from SIDIAP (Catalonia, E) and Danish Health Registries (DK) for all incident users of oral bisphosphonates in 2006–2007 and 2000&#15...

Background: Rickets is a disorder of the growing child arising from impaired mineralisation of the growth plate and osteoid. The most common cause of NR in the UK is thought to be secondary to vitamin D deficiency [VDD; serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) <25 nmol/l], although in some African & South Asian countries dietary calcium deficiency (DCaD) by itself, or together with VDD is an important cause of NR (Ann Trop Paediatr. 2006;26:1–16). Currently, the data on ...

Mineralized tissues like bone, articular calcified cartilage or mineralized turkey leg tendon (MTLT) are build by a composite of hydroxyapatite nano-particles and organic matrix. In bone and MTLT the matrix is formed by collagen type-I, but in contrast to bone in MTLT the collagen is uniaxial orientated, while in cartilage the matrix consists of collagen type-II and proteoglycans.Composition/orientation differences were investigated by a new scanning aco...

Introduction: Insulin sensitising agents are reported to have a diverse range of effects on bone with metformin exerting positive effects and thiazolidinenediones (TZDs) exerting negative effects. 5’AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a critical role in cellular energy homeostasis. It is widely expressed in the body and can be activated by metformin.Objective:: We investigated the role of AMPK pathway in mediating the effects of metformin on t...

Introduction: Vitamin D is an essential material in bone metabolism, and regulation of body minerals. Vitamin D deficiency has various causes, including limitations in sunlight exposure (type of clothing, sunscreen usage, indoor activity), seasonal geographic latitude and altitude, atmospheric pollution, diet, and ageing.The aim of the work was to determine the frequency of vitamin D deficiency among Ukrainian schoolchildren and its influence on bone min...

It is known that body weight is positively correlated with increased bone mineral density and decreased fracture risk. Adiponectin is expressed in bone forming cells, and administration of adiponectin has been demonstrated to stimulated osteoblast proliferation. The overall role of adiponectin in bone metabolism remains unrevealed as both stimulated and inhibiting effects on osteoclastogenesis have been reported. We aimed at describing the relationship between adiponectin and ...

Background: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the gold standard used for measuring bone mineral density and such readings are currently used to predict osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. However, no similar prediction model has been developed to identify the age that a patient will become osteoporotic based on DEXA scanning.Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a mathematical model to determine the TTO based on two or more DEXA s...