Bone Abstracts

Impaired bone material properties have been invoked as being responsible for the development of atypical femoral fractures (AFF) after long term bisphosphonate use. We therefore analyzed bone material properties in a bone biopsy obtained at the fracture site from an 88-year-old female with AFF, who had been treated with alendronate for 8 years. We used conventional histology, quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI), and Raman spectroscopy (RS).<p class="abstext"...

Background: At present, clinical assessment of bone strength in children predominantly relies bone mass measurement using absorptiometry (DXA) or QCT densitometric approaches. However, bone strength is not only dependent on mass/density, but also structural and material mechanical properties. Currently no technique measures bone mechanical properties. Recently, a new micro-indentation device, the reference point indentation (RPI) instrument has been validated for the measure o...

Lack of Klotho, the co-receptor for the bone-derived hormone fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), leads to a severe impairment in bone mineralization in mice. However, the mechanisms underlying the Klotho deficiency-associated defects in bone mineralization are still poorly understood. Here, we sought to elucidate the vitamin D independent role of Klotho in bone mineralization. To ablate increased vitamin D signaling in Klotho knockout mice (Kl−/−), we c...

Introduction: Measures of physical function may be related to osteoporosis and fractures in older individuals and may thus be used in the identification of individuals at high fracture risk.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate which measures of physical functioning are associated with bone quality and fracture incidence and whether gender-specific differences exist within these associations.Methods: We studied 1486 partici...

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Beside the bone mass, structural changes are important determinants of the bone strength. Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) seem protected against femoral neck (FN) fracture. When compared to osteoporosis, FN in OA are characterized by a higher bone mass and a better trabecular microarchitecture (Blain et al., 2008, Boutroy et al., 2011). The presence of microcracks is one of the determinants of the bone strength. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mic...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been found associated with low areal bone mineral density and an increase in fracture rate. Previous histomorphometric findings revealed abnormally low cancellous bone volume and thin cortices. In the present work, we studied the same transiliac bone biopsy samples from n=19 COPD patients for cancellous (Cn.) and cortical (Ct.) bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD) based on quantitative backscatter electron im...

BAG-1 interacts with diverse proteins including heat shock proteins (HSC70/ HSP70) and nuclear hormone receptors to modulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. We have shown that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) of Bag-1+/− female mice display reduced BMP-2-directed osteogenic differentiation potential. Estradiol binds to estrogen receptors (ERs) and is functionally involved in BMP-directed osteogenic differentiation of osteoprogenito...

Mutations in PLEKHM1 cause bone disease in humans and animals. Truncations causedeficient bone resorption by osteoclasts leading to osteopetrosis. A gain-of-function point mutation causes increased resorption leading to osteopenia. We and others have shown that PLEKHM1, a multi-modular protein, interacts with the small GTPase rab7 and is involved in vesicle trafficking, secretion, and membrane biogenesis. To investigate other interactions of PLEKHM1 we performed tandem affinit...

In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, an increased fracture risk is observed, although the bone mineral density is even higher than in non-diabetic patients. This raises the question of the quality of the organic and inorganic matrix in bone1–3. T2DM is also known to forward dysfunctions in the development of soft tissues such as brittle skin due to cross-linking of the collagen or inflammation of the gingiva. For the latter, a possible influence of diab...