Bone Abstracts

Three oral bisphosphonates ibandronate, alendronate, and risedronate are commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis but they have not previously been compared in the same study. Our aim was to identify determinants of change in bone turnover markers (BTM) in response to these bisphosphonates in a 2-year randomised parallel group trial. We recruited 171 postmenopausal osteoporotic women (<85 years) who were randomised to receive ibandronate (150 mg monthly), alendronat...

Cystic fibrosis(CF) results in low volumetric bone mineral density(vBMD), poor muscle strength and increased fracture risk in young patients. The aim of this study was to compare bone and muscle variables measured by peripheral and high-resolution QCT (pQCT and HR-pQCT) and jumping mechanography (JM) In CF children and healthy controls. We hypothesised that CF children have lower muscle force and power (Fmax and Pmax) than controls which may contribute to CF-related bone disea...

Background: DMD is a progressive neuromuscular disease often treated with oral glucocorticoids (GC) to prolong ambulation and maintain cardiovascular function. However, the osteotoxic GC effects often result in a skeleton prone to fractures. DMD boys presenting with fractures are treated with bisphosphonates (BP) but evidence of beneficial effects is limited. The aim of this work was to review the use of intravenous BPs in a group of severely affected boys with fractures.<...

FGF-23 is a phosphate regulating hormone and its production may be stimulated by circulating levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D). Teriparatide administration increases levels of 1,25-(OH)2D, however it is unclear whether this mediates changes in FGF-23 levels. The aims were i) to determine the effect of teriparatide treatment on circulating levels of FGF-23 and 1,25-(OH)2D and ii) to describe the time course of effect in postmenopau...

The microenvironment of osteolytic metastases includes carcinoma cells derived from the primary lesion as well as bone-forming and bone-resorbing cells, namely osteoblasts (OB) and osteoclasts (OC). At this site, both the high glycolysis of cancer cells, and the bone resorption process result in a very acidic milieu. This, in turn, induces the surrounding stroma and OB to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors that promote tumorigenesis and cancer-associated ost...

An increasing amount of scientific evidence suggests that western diet is a risk factor for osteopenia and osteoporosis. Indeed, metabolic acidosis, occurring after high levels of protein intake, may adversely impact on the skeleton by disrupting calcium metabolism, and leads to a decrease of bone mineral density (BMD). Currently, the prevention and treatment of osteopenia and osteoporosis are mainly based on lifestyle modifications (i.e. exercise, quitting smoking and ensurin...

Background and objectives: Fracture rate in Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is highest between 0 and 19 years, and associated radiation exposure also carries the highest lifetime cancer risk. Here, we investigate the cumulative effective radiation dose (E) and lifetime cancer risk from diagnostic imaging in OI children. We also explore the hypothesis that negative family history of OI will increase injury-related, fracture-negative X-rays due to parental anxiety.<p class="abs...

Introduction: Whilst it is well-established that sedentary behaviour may increase the risk of paediatric obesity, and potentially result in early onset cardio-metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, there is less consensus about the potential detrimental effects that long-term sedentary behaviour may have on bone health during childhood.Purpose: To determine if long-term sedentary behaviour affects accrual of bone mass, str...

Objectives: Patients with beta Thalassemia have been reported to have low bone mass; poorly chelated patients are likely to be at an even higher risk. Pubertal delay, hypogonadism, and reduced physical activity and sunlight exposure are likely to be additional contributors to poor bone health and increased fracture risk. The objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of fractures in Indian underprivileged, poorly chelated thalassaemic children.M...

Objectives: Beta thalassemia major (BTM) is characterized by anemia and iron overload, especially in children with inadequate chelation therapy. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry software (DXA) may misanalyse bone measurements due to iron overload/deposition in organs such as the liver. Our objective was to study difference between the anterio-posterior spine measurements of bone mineral content (BMC), area (BA) and density (BMD) in non-chelated beta thalassaemia children with ...