Bone Abstracts

Nutrition is a major modifiable factor that affects bone health. Dietary potassium may act as an alkaline source by neutralizing the acid load and reducing calcium loss from bone.We aimed to evaluate the association between dietary potassium intake and bone mineral density (BMD) in the Korean population. We analyzed data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) A total of 3135 men aged >50 years and 4052 postmenopaus...

The skeleton is a preferred site of metastasis in patients with advanced breast cancer, and bone loss is one of the major complications of breast cancer metastasis. Therefore, prevention of bone metastasis is clinically important. Our previous observation of an anti-osteoclastic activity of Trolox, a vitamin E analogue, led us to investigate whether Trolox could inhibit bone metastasis and bone destruction induced by breast cancer. I.P. administration of Trolox markedly inhibi...

C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a co-receptor of macrophage-tropic viruses including HIV. Epidemiological and pathological findings have reported that functional changes in CCR5 correlate with HIV transmission bone destruction disease. However, the roles of CCR5 in bone pathophysiology have not been well documented.Ccr5-deficient osteoclasts showed decreased bone resorption activity accompanied with disorganized cellular architecture and impa...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the bony change of mandibular condyle when the originally less-loaded or unloaded surface was subjected to functional loading by the newly designed animal experiment, and to evaluate whether this experiment is adequate for the animal model of condylar resorption due to mechanical loading.Methods: Twelve adult male New Zealand white rabbits were used. Unilateral oblique vertical body osteotomy (UOVBO) ...

Adaptive responses of the skeleton to loading changes architecture and physical properties in order to optimise strength for function. However, bone is subjected to many local and circulating osteotropic factors, most acting on G-protein coupled receptors. Receptor activity modifying protein-3 is a single trans-membrane domain receptor accessory protein, which aids in trafficking of calcitonin and calcitonin-like receptors to the cell surface and changes ligand selectivity. As...

Background: Osteoporosis is not a homogenous disease. Riggs et al. identified two distinct types of osteoporosis, with different pathophysiology, patterns of bone loss and fracture types.Post-menopausal (PM) osteoporosis is triggered by withdrawal of the effect of oestrogen on bone, which leads to a sharp acceleration of bone turnover with an imbalance towards excessive osteoclastic activity. Senile osteoporosis in the old old (usually after the...

Thalassemia is a chronic anemia associate with high rates of osteoporosis. To determine how erythropoiesis leads to bone loss in thalassemia, we used the th3/+ thalassemia mouse to study the role of erythropoietin (EPO) and hematopoietic progenitors (HP), since they are both increased in thalassemia.Methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultures and MSC cocultures with various HP from wild type (wt) and th3/+ mice were diff...

Growing body of evidence shows that microRNAs play an important role in regulating bone mass. We investigated the cooperative microRNA-mRNA regulatory mechanism of peak bone mass in inbred strain of mice with different bone density using microarray analysis. Femur and tibia of 12-week old C3H/He (high bone density) and C57BL/6 (low bone density) were harvested to extract total bone RNAs for microarray. A total of 30 miRNAs were differentially expressed between bone tissue of C...

Osteogenesis imperfect (OI) is an inheritable bone disease with low bone mass, fragility, deformity and multiple fractures in skeletal tissues. Modulation of Wnt signalling components reportedly alleviates excessive bone and joint remodelling in various skeletal disorders. This study is undertaken to explore whether loss of Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) action affects bone formation or skeletal homeostasis in OI. In clinical vignettes, OI patients had severe osteoporosis (<e...

Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing multinucleated cells that differentiate from monocyte/macrophage-lineage precursors. Bone destruction and osteoporosis are attributed to excessively activated osteoclasts. Osteoclast differentiation is governed by diverse regulatory processes including nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) activation in response to RANKL. The mechanism of epigenetic regulation of NFATc1 in osteoclastogenesis not investigated yet. Here we test a hypothesis ...