Bone Abstracts

Purpose: Multipotent stromal cells (MSC) have been considered promising for the regenerative strategies of articular cartilage. However, the MSC chondrogenic differentiation can ultimately lead to the formation of hypertrophic chondrocytes responsible for the calcification of cartilage. To prevent this MSC-dependent production of a calcified matrix in articular site, MSC hypertrophic differentiation has to be carefully controlled. Given that articular cartilage is avascular, w...

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare debilitating genetic disease characterized by abnormal progressive heterotopic endochondrial ossification of soft tissues. FOP results from mutations in the intracellular domain of the type I BMP receptor ACVR1 (ALK2) the most common of which is R206H. FOP mutations alter the sensitivity of ACVR1 to Activin A from an antagonist to an agonist. We have previously shown that Activin A is necessary and sufficient for driving he...

Objectives: To establish the average bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in young male population from the different ethno-geographical groupsMaterials and methods: Estimations of the calcaneal BMD (g/cm2) and BMC (r), using on ALOKA-5.0 DXA machine among Indian (n=58) and Nigerian (n=72) male students (17–20 years), were done. The anthropometric program included body weight, height, shoulder and th...

Objective: To assess the prevalence of co-morbidities in fracture neck of femur patients.Methodology: Study design: Retrospective cohort study.Setting: District General Hospital in United Kingdom.Study subject: a total of 75 patients with fracture neck of femur from 2012 to 2013 were ascertained for any associated co-morbid conditions by case note study.Results: Out of 75 patients, 61 (...

Objective: To assess the prevalence of post-operative medical and surgical complications among fracture neck of femur patients.Method: Study design: retrospective cohort study.Setting: District General Hospital in UK.Study subject: a total of 75 patients with fracture neck of femur from 2012 to 2013 were ascertained for any post-operative complications by case note study.Results: Out of...

Objectives: To assess the pharmacological management of osteoporosis in a cohort of hospitalized medical in-patients within a Welsh district general hospital.Materials and methods: We collected data using medical records on a structured proforma as a point prevalence study targeting medical inpatients aged fifty and above in an admitted hospital cohort.Results: Out of the 117 patients, 88 (75.21%) of them had greater than three ris...

Objective: Osteocalcin, an osteoblast-derived hormone, is among the most abundant proteins in bone and is involved in the regulation of whole-body metabolism, muscle adaptation, and reproduction. High bone turnover and low bone mass are clinical hallmarks of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), a bone disease mainly caused by mutations in the collagen-I gene. Recently, we have shown that growing mice with a severe dominant form of OI, Col1a1Jrt/+ mice, displayed significantly elevate...

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are used to treat bone diseases characterized by excessive bone resorption. However, BPs can negatively affect the jaw bone by causing osteonecrosis of the jaw. Previously, we showed that BPs differently affect long-bone and jaw osteoclast precursors. Administration of BPs in vivo reduced the number of jaw bone marrow cells, without affecting long-bone marrow cells. Yet, BPs increased bone volume and mineral density of both long bone and jaw. Her...

Nacre is able to induce bone-forming cells mineralization, and gains widespread interest in bone regeneration. While, the osteoinductive compounds are not identified yet. The nacre extract, ethanol soluble matrix (ESM), was proven having the capacity to induce the mineralization of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells and to restore mineralization defect in human osteoarthritic osteoblasts. Being tested on the two cells, ESM could induce the formation of mineralization nodules, identified as ...

Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is common, and is linked to increased risk of adverse outcomes including preterm birth, preeclampsia, infection, gestational diabetes and asthma. Vitamin D possesses well-recognized immunomodulatory functions, and programming of the immune system during foetal development can influence asthma-related risk factors and health outcomes in later life. We hypothesized that influencing vitamin D status during pregnancy would impact the immune profil...