Bone Abstracts

Background: Lean and bone mass are heritable traits with high phenotypic correlation (rho=0.44), likely reflecting the underlying mechanical and biochemical interactions between tissues.Aim: Estimate the shared heritability (genetic correlation) of both traits in children and identify genetic determinants displaying pleiotropic effects on lean mass and bone mass accrual.Methods: Participants make part of two prospective po...

Bisphosphonates are used in the treatment of a variety of diseases with skeletal complications. With the development of more potent compounds, there is the potential for further improvement. One concept is to use compounds with a reduced affinity for bone, reducing their long-term retention and possible adverse events, as well as potentially enhancing their non-skeletal benefits. We hypothesise that a highly potent bisphosphonate with low bone affinity, known as OX14, will be ...

Objectives: To establish the average bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in young male population from the different ethno-geographical groupsMaterials and methods: Estimations of the calcaneal BMD (g/cm2) and BMC (r), using on ALOKA-5.0 DXA machine among Indian (n=58) and Nigerian (n=72) male students (17–20 years), were done. The anthropometric program included body weight, height, shoulder and th...

It has long been known that osteoarthritis induces dramatic structural changes in subchondral bone. Studies on patients’ biopsies have also shown that the new sclerotic bone is hypomineralized and has decreased elastic modulus. Due to their amenability for genetic studies, murine models of OA are particularly important for drug target discovery. However, whilst osteosclerosis has been reported also in murine OA models, little is known about the compositional and mechanica...

Odanacatib (ODN), a selective and reversible cathepsin K inhibitor was shown to histomorphometrically reduce trabecular (Tb) and intracortical (Ic) bone remodeling while preserving endocortical (Ec) and stimulating periosteal (Ps) bone formation (BF) in monkeys. Here, we investigate the bone site specific mechanism of ODN on bone modeling (Mo) versus remodeling (Re)-based osteons. Rhesus monkeys (13–19 yrs, n=8–11/group) were ovariectomized and treated with ...

Objectives: To establish the correlations between the body composition, somatotypes and average bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in young (17–18 y.o.) male living in Donbass region (Ukraine).Materials and methods: Anthropometric and skinfold measurements were carried out. Estimations of the calcaneal BMD (g/cm2) and BMC, (r), estimated on ALOKA-5.0 DXA machine among 156 male were done. Total body fat perc...

The selective cathepsin K inhibitor odanacatib (ODN) is currently in development for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Our goal was to evaluate the effects of ODN vs alendronate (ALN) on bone mass and strength of lumbar vertebrae (LV) in orchiectomized (ORX) rabbits, a model of male osteoporosis. Adult male rabbits (11 months old) were subjected to sham- (n=20) or ORX-surgery (n=24/group) for 7.5 months before dosing initiated. ORX animals were ra...

Introduction: Genetic disorders are usually characterised by subjective morphological traits. Mouse models should represent the human situation but it is difficult to translate morphology traits from one species to another. Thus, there is a demand to objectively assess morphological traits. Geometric morphometrics is a mathematical tool to evaluate morphology based on normalised three-dimensional coordinates. Here we use geometric morphometrics to compare the morphology of <em...

It is unclear as to whether western dwelling South Asian (SA) postmenopausal women have a different fracture risk to that of the native Caucasian (C) population. Moreover, the WHO Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) has not been used previously to compare predicted risk of fractures in western dwelling South Asian women with same-age Caucasian women. This analysis used data from n=35 SA [mean (S.D.) age=59 (6) years] and n=136 C [mean (...

Heritability of bone mineral density (BMD) varies at skeletal sites, possibly reflecting different relative contributions of environmental and genetic influences. To quantify shared genetic influences across different sites, we estimated the genetic correlation of BMD at the upper limb (UL), lower limb (LL) and skull (S) obtained from whole body DXA scans, using bivariate genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA). The study (n=9395) combined data from the Avon Longitu...