Bone Abstracts

Peak bone mass is a major determinant of osteoporosis risk and subsequent fragility fractures in older age. There is a wide range of factors influencing peak bone mass, ranging from those acting very early in life, for example in utero and periconception, to those acting through childhood and adolescence into young adulthood. In this presentation I will give an overview of some overarching themes and principles of relevance to peak bone mass, using specific clinical scenarios ...

Biographical DetailsNicholas HarveyNicholas Harvey was appointed to a personal chair at the University of Southampton in 2015, and leads, with Professor Cooper and Professor Dennison, an MRC programme focused on the lifecourse epidemiology of bone and joint disease, as part of the MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit. He is working to i) translate epide...

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Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of Plasma Cells (PC), characterized by severe osteolytic lesions but poor 99Tc-MDP uptake in bone scans due to osteoblast inhibition. We hypothesized that high demands for membrane biosynthesis in tumour PC would enhance monocarboxylic acid anabolism and uptake, which could be exploited for treatment and molecular imaging. Here, we tested the efficacy of clinically available 11C-Acetate PET to detect myeloma and quant...

Objectives: Serum 25(OH)-vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration is known to influence muscle function in postnatal life. Maternal 25(OH)D status during pregnancy has been implicated in the fetal programming of bone and fat mass, but little is known about its role in determining offspring muscle development. We investigated the associations between maternal serum 25(OH)D concentration in pregnancy and offspring muscle mass and strength at 4 years.Materials and...

Although it has been suggested that overweight and obese children have an increased risk of fracture, recent studies in post-menopausal women have shown that the relationship between obesity and fracture risk varies by fracture site. Thus, obesity is protective against wrist fractures but confers an increased risk of humeral fractures. There are no data to suggest whether this observation is also present in children. We therefore assessed whether adiposity and overweight/obesi...

Multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease is characterized by lytic bone lesions that contribute to patient morbidity and mortality after patients are in complete remission. The mechanisms mediating this long-term osteoblast (OB) suppression are poorly understood. We hypothesized that MM cells induce epigenetic changes at the Runx2 promoter in preOB bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). We demonstrated that Gfi1, a transcriptional repressor of Runx2 that is induced in B...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type V is caused by a unique dominant mutation (c.−14C>T) in IFITM5, which encodes BRIL, a transmembrane ifitm-like protein most strongly expressed in osteoblasts, while type VI OI is caused by recessive null mutations in SERPINF1, encoding pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). We identified a 25-year-old woman with severe OI, whose dermal fibroblasts and cultured osteoblasts displayed minimal secretion of PEDF, but ...

Objectives: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex three-dimensional spinal deformity associated with low bone mass. Our previous clinical trial demonstrated the anabolic bone effect of vibration treatment (VT) at the femoral neck in AIS subjects. The therapeutic effect was more pronounced in those with optimal serum 25(OH) Vit-D level (>40 nmol/l). To investigate possible factor interaction between Vit-D and VT on their anabolic bone effects, this in-vitro...

Background: Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a group of heterogeneous endocrine disorders characterised by hormone resistance, primarily to parathyroid hormone (PTH). The resistance is caused by defects in the GNAS gene, which encodes the Gsα protein that activates the cAMP pathway. PHP patients demonstrate elevated plasma PTH, hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia with normal renal function. PTH resistance can be confirmed by Ellsworth-Howard test (PTH s...