Bone Abstracts

Denosumab (DMAb) significantly improves bone strength at the hip, estimated by FEA from QCT scans, from baseline (B/L) and vs placebo (Pbo) (Keaveny ASBMR 2010). We determined the extent and distribution of mass and thickness changes at the proximal femur, a key skeletal site for fracture risk, using a novel cortical bone mapping technique on the same serial QCT scans. A FREEDOM substudy included 80 women who underwent hip QCT scanning at B/L and months 12, 24 and 36 during DM...

Aim: Differences in fracture risk between ethnic groups have been documented. The basis for these differences is yet incomplete and the age at what ethnic differences appear is uncertain. Assessment of bone health in pediatric populations could bring insights on factors compromising bone accrual. We describe here differences in total body bone mineral density (TB-BMD) in a unique setting of children of the same age, measured with the same device (iDXA) different ethnic backgro...

Lack of Klotho, the co-receptor for the bone-derived hormone fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), leads to a severe impairment in bone mineralization in mice. However, the mechanisms underlying the Klotho deficiency-associated defects in bone mineralization are still poorly understood. Here, we sought to elucidate the vitamin D independent role of Klotho in bone mineralization. To ablate increased vitamin D signaling in Klotho knockout mice (Kl−/−), we c...

It is well known that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), its ligands, and the structurally related receptor ERBB2/neu are expressed in skeletal cells. However, the functions of EGFR ligands in bone cells remain poorly defined. In this study, we employed a transgenic mouse line overexpressing the EGFR ligand amphiregulin (AREG) specifically in osteoblasts under the α1(I)-collagen promoter. AREG-tg mice did not show changes in body weight or gross phenotype. Compa...

Calcium (Ca) and vitamin D nutritional status effects on oral health were evaluated in 85 healthy women aged between 20 and 30 years (24.6±0.4). They attended the first year of the Nutrition Carrier at the Private University (ISALUD, Buenos Aires, Argentine). Usual Ca intake (CaI) was determined by a food-frequency questionnaire that included consumption of dairy products and calcium-enriched foods. Blood samples were obtained in a fasting state in winter: the end of Augu...

Background: The tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib is applied as front-line treatment in adult and pediatric patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in order to selectively inhibit the causative oncogenic BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase. However, TKIs exhibit off-target effects on further kinases involved in the regulation of bone metabolism. As consequence, pediatric patients display longitudinal growth retardation while on imatinib treatment. As CML is a rare disease in ...

Background: Skull development is a tightly regulated process that occurs along the osteogenic interfaces of the cranial sutures that allow rapid bone formation at the edges of the bone fronts. Premature closure of cranial sutures can result in pathological conditions such as Craniosynostosis. The mechanosensory proteins Polycystin 1 (PC1) and 2 (PC2) have been shown to regulate skeletal development and potentially suture formation.Aim: The aim of study w...

Bone remodeling is a crucial process to maintain a healthy bone structure in order to avoid diseases like osteoporosis or osteopetrosis. Osteoclasts contribute to this process by resorbing old and brittle bone allowing osteoblasts to renew the bone substance. During resorption osteoclasts rearrange their actin cytoskeleton by forming an F-actin ring generating a resorptive cavity on the bone surface. Recently, we reported that the F-actin binding protein SWAP-70 regulates oste...

Recent studies have demonstrated that the global or osteoblast-specific deletion of neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor (Y1R), as well as the pharmacological blockade of Y1R, leads to pronounced anabolic effects in bone metabolism. This suggests that anti-Y1R drug therapy might have clinical applications for the prevention/recovery of bone loss occurring in osteoporosis. Given the high fracture incidence in this target population, it remained...

Aim: Lean mass is a strong determinant of bone structure, particularly during growth and development. We sought to determine if there are sex differences in bone acquisition in pre-pubertal children and the potential relation with skeletal loading.Methods: This study included 3602 children (50.7% girls) whose total body BMD and hip scans were measured on the same iDXA devise (GE-Lunar) at 6 years of age. Hip scans underwent hip structural analysis (HSA) ...