Bone Abstracts

Objectives: The clinical assessment of bone mass in children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is normally assessed by DXA. Further information about bone microarchitecture is obtained from bone biopsy which is invasive and requires anaesthetic. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computer tomography (HRpQCT) is an in-vivo imaging modality capable of assessing skeletal microstructure and integrity to a resolution of 80 μm. To date, no HRpQCT studies have incl...

The lactation has been considered a cause of bone loss in humans and animals. Studies have shown that during lactation, there is a significant reduction of bone mineral density. Rats at the end of lactation show reduced bone mass. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of lactation under osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) of female rats. Twelve Wistar rats were distributed among the control and lactating groups. The experiment was...

The purpose of this research was to study the histological structure of albino rats lower incisors of different ages after thymectomy under the injections of thymogen intrapritoneally.Materials and methods: The experiment was conducted on 360 white rats of three age groups: immature, mature, and senile period.Results: Injection of thymogen on the traditional pattern immature rats was accompanied by an increase in the width of the p...

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to study the histological structure of albino rats lower incisors of different ages after thymectomy.Materials and methods: The experiment was conducted on 360 white rats of three age groups: immature, mature and senile period. All animals were subjected to surgical thymectomy.Results: In immature rats after thymectomy predentin layer width was less than the control from 30 till 180 da...

Introduction: Currently, the only available method to reliably predict osteoporotic fractures is represented by bone mineral density (BMD) measurements on proximal femur or spine, which require the use of X-rays. Aim of this study is to illustrate working principles and feasibility of a new ultrasound (US) method for bone densitometry and osteoporosis diagnosis applicable on both proximal femur and spine.Methods: A new fully automatic algorithm was devel...

Objective(s): We aimed to determine the impact of microgravity-induced osteoporosis on the future of space programs.Material and methods: We performed a metanalysis of the available literature, finding out different studies about i) muscle atrophy due to the absence of workload, which can consequently induce bone loss; ii) the effect of long term inactivity on bone mass; iii) the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in women and men in order t...

It has been recently reported that, after physical exercise activity, the skeletal muscle releases Irisin, the newly identified myokine able of driving transition of white adipocytes to brown, following a phenomenon known as the browning response. This result has suggested that skeletal muscle is crucial in the regulation of energy homeostasis, supporting the idea that it can be considered an endocrine organ that targets adipose tissue by promoting energy expenditure. In accor...

It has suggested that BGP is inversely related to body fat. BGP appears to regulate energetic metabolism through the insulin receptor signaling pathway in the osteoblast, which affects bone resorption and BGP activity. Fat tissue is an endocrine organ that secretes different hormones and growth factors; several of them affect bone remodeling and insulin secretion. The present report comparatively studied total BGP levels, glucose homeostasis and body fat mass in spontaneous ob...

Numerous studies have reported beneficial effects of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue repair and regeneration. These multipotent cells can be isolated from many different adult tissues and give rise to different cell lineages. The most well-characterized source for adult stem cells is still adult bone marrow, however in the past decade, subpopulations of stem cells have been isolated from dental tissues. Dental pulp has been identified as a promising source ...

Objectives: Early-onset osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced bone strength since childhood or young adulthood. Although several monogenic forms have already been identified, the spectrum of mutations and genes behind this condition remain inadequately characterized. Furthermore, it is not clear whether genetic factors determine susceptibility to bone fractures in children with normal BMD. In order to further explore the genetic background...