Bone Abstracts

The aim of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite (HAP) powder from whitemouth croaker fish (Micropogonias furnieri). For this purpose, fragments from HAP with 0.5 cm2 were inserted in the subcutaneous tissue of animals. After 7, 15, and 30 days, histopathological analysis was performed. The results showed that it was possible to detect tissue reactions closely related to cytotoxicity in a time-exposure manner. At day 7, modera...

Background: Puberty is highly important for the accumulation of bone mass. Bone turnover and bone mineral density can be affected in transgender adolescents when puberty is postponed by gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa), followed by treatment with cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT).Objective: To investigate the effect of GnRHa and CSHT on bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) in transgender adolescents.<p ...

Background: Bisphosphonates (BP) are widely used in osteoporosis treatment. By inhibiting the mevalonate pathway, bisphosphonates may affect cell function and survival, including the viability of tumor cells. Recently, a protective effect of bisphosphonates on breast cancer risk has been suggested by several studies, which were unable to exclude the possibility of a confounder effect due to low cumulative exposure to estrogen in osteoporotic women vs controls.<p class="abs...

Skeletogenesis is an intricate process controlled by numerous transcriptional factors, hormones and signalling pathways. Recently, microRNAs emerged as important players in skeletogenesis but, only few were identified and most of their targets remain unknown. Previous works showed that miR-199a-2/214 cluster is essential for skeletal development and that miR-214 inhibits bone formation in mammals. However, data regarding its skeletal role in other vertebrates is scarce and its...

Introduction: Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is a major transcription factor essential for the regulation of osteoblast and chondrocyte differentiation, hence affecting skeletogenesis, bone and cartilage formation. The RUNX2 protein has unique consecutive polyglutamine and polyalanine repeats (Q/A) which are important for its transactivation function. Several variants within the RUNX2 gene have been implicated in osteoporosis and fracture susceptibility.<...

Introduction: Alcoholism can result in a compromised regenerative capacity of bone and delayed osteointegration of dental implants. One of the mechanisms is that the thereby overdosed all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a main metabolite of alcohol, can significantly inhibit osteoblastogenesis. Bone morphogenetic proteins, potent osteinductive growth factors, can be applied to promote osteogenesis. We previously showed that heterodimerized BMP2/7 could promote osteoblastogenesis i...

Objective: This work investigated the changes of bone hip structural parameters in obese adolescents enrolled in a successful weight loss program.Methods: Thirty-one obese adolescents (age 13.61±1.27) enrolled in a 8-month weight loss program combining physical activity and nutrition were compared with normal-weight (NW) matched peers (age 15.9±0.43). Investigations were performed at baseline and 8 months. Bone geometric and strength indices we...

Introduction: Rickets is characterised by defective mineralisation of the growth plate and osteoid, caused by deficiency of vitamin-D and/or of dietary calcium. Rickets continues to be reported in the UK, especially in children from dark-skinned ethnic groups. Literature on the cost of management of rickets and cost-effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation is lacking worldwide.Methods: The analysis considers the cost-effectiveness of an intervention in...

Objectives: In the context of a lack of national consensus, the aim of this study was to identify the clinical impact of skull base imaging in children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI).Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of case-notes and radiological images of children with severe, complex and atypical OI at a designated specialist centre, between 01/2012 and 08/2018. Patient demographics, clinical features at time of imaging and radiological...

Over the past decade, many GWAs and meta-analyses were performed to identify genes and regions involved in bone metabolism and in the osteoporotic phenotypes. Nevertheless, the majority of these GWAS results were not tested at any functional level. This study aims to find and study functional regions in the RANK and RANKL genes that encode well-established proteins in the bone remodeling equilibrium. SNPs, chosen for their location in an evolutionary conserve...