Bone Abstracts

High fat diet (HFD), obesity, and physical inactivity characterize the modern lifestyle. This can lead to coronary heart diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have shown that these conditions frequently are associated with poor bone quality. However, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. To analyze the effect of HFD and exercise (EX) on bone homeostasis, we fed 6 week-old C57BL/6 mice a high fat (60% fat) or standard chow diet for 10 weeks (10-20 mice...

Objectives: Low bone mineral density is highly prevalent in non-ambulant cerebral palsy and is associated with a high risk of fractures. In most cases these fractures occur with no or minimal trauma. Primary and secondary fracture prevention strategies differ between sites and countries. In order to inform these strategies we intend to complete a trial of Zoledronate in children with Cerebral Palsy. We hypothesize that Zoledronate treatment significantly increases bone mineral...

Sclerostin, a Wnt signaling antagonist encoded by the SOST gene, negatively regulates osteoblasts and inhibits bone formation. Mechanical loading, which induces bone formation, leads to a decrease in sclerostin levels. Recently, neutralizing antibodies against sclerostin were tested successfully for the treatment of osteoporosis in rodents. However, sclerostin is not the only signal involved in mechanotransduction. Therefore we investigated whether treatment with sclerostin an...

Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) is receiving considerable attention in the diagnosis and monitoring of human bone diseases. It is well accepted that lower image resolution compared to micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) affects bone morphometry. With advances in micro-CT evaluation techniques such as sample-specific remodeling simulations or dynamic bone morphometry, there is the potential to also allow the application of such techniques to clinical pQCT sc...

Silk fibroin (SF) sponges are a promising scaffold material for tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and ability to support calcium-phosphate formation in vitro. However, previous studies have shown that SF can mineralize spontaneously in the presence of culture media, which has a detrimental effect on experimental integrity when analyzing how cells deposit bone-like tissue in tissue engineering studies. In this study we analyzed th...

Despite the substantial preclinical evidence for a positive effect of the polyphenolic compound resveratrol, human data are very scarce, and currently no clinical data addressing the potential impact on bone metabolism have been published. In the present study we addressed this issue by testing a panel of bone specific biomarkers in order to identify potential bone metabolic effects of resveratrol in human subjects. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded and paral...

It is hypothesized that osteocytes regulate bone adaptation by sensing mechanical strains in their microenvironments and signaling net bone formation or resorption. Owing to bone’s anisotropic architecture, individual osteocytes within a bone experience varying strains under mechanical loading. Thus, to accurately determine the relationships between mechanical strain, osteocyte behavior, and bone remodeling, it is crucial to use a single-cell approach. Using an in viv...

Bone resorption and deposition occur in a tightly regulated fashion reflecting the coupled activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Several pathological conditions perturb this balance between bone synthesis and resorption, including osteoporosis and skeletal metastases. The uncoupling of remodeling activities contributes to disseminated tumor cells homing to the bone and to tumor growth in bone. Therefore, a reliable marker of bone remodeling would be useful to provide a st...

Bone is continuously remodeled to remove damage, to adapt to changes in mechanical demands and to regulate calcium homeostasis. The first aim is accomplished by coupled bone formation and resorption whereas adaptation requires sites of formation to differ from those of resorption. The regulation of circulating ions is achieved by a stochastic exchange of bone packets. Here, we investigated these different aspects of remodeling in healthy and ovariectomized (OVX) mice treated w...

After trauma or carious lesion dental pulp healing is difficult to predict. In addition systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus can impair the regenerative capacity. New regenerative strategies target prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) by pharmacological inhibitors to stimulate hard and soft tissue healing. PHD inhibitors such as L-mimosine (L-MIM) induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production by promoting angiogenesis. However, it is unclear if L-MIM is a feasible tool t...