Bone Abstracts

Objectives: Special dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) protocols permit quantification of bone mineralization, fat mass, and fat distribution in infants. Our objective was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of a multiscan acquisition protocol designed to allow for reflection and imputation analysis for regions with movement.Methods: The IMPAACT P1084s Study assesses bone and kidney safety of antiretrovirals used for PMTCT. Newborns received a spi...

Introduction: Since the definition of osteoporosis in children changed following the revised ISCD guidelines of 2013, the presence of vertebral fractures has become more clinically important, in particular since vertebral fractures may occur despite apparently normal bone density (www.iscd.org). Although the detection of vertebral fractures in children is still largely dependent on lateral spine x-rays, the introduction of new higher resolutio...

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the combined teriparatide (TPTD) and denosumab (DMAB) on both cortical and cancellous bone regeneration.Materials and methods: Bone defects were created in the diaphysis of the right femur and in the epimetaphysis of the left femur in 8-week old female C57/BL6N mice. After making bone defects, Mice were given either saline or 40 μg/kg TPTD for 20 days (5× per week) and were s...

In this study, we evaluated the effect of the association of a bioactive glass-ceramic scaffold (Biosca) with mesenchymal stem cells derived from either bone marrow (BM-MSCs) or adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) on bone formation in calvarial defects of osteoporotic rats. Wistar rats were submitted to bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) or only to the surgical stress (Sham), under approval of the Committee of Ethics in Animal Research. After 5 months, 5-mm unilateral calvarial defect was creat...

Sclerostin (SCL) and FGF23 are osteocyte-secreted factors with a major role in bone homeostasis. Despite their skeletal effects and their association with fracture risk in some studies, variations in circulating levels were also described in patients with diabetes (DM), chronic renal failure (CRF) and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD). In order to provide further insight on the relationship between these osteocyte-derived factors, osteoporosis and cardio-metabolic disorders we a...

Background: Resveratrol (RSV), a natural polyphenolic compound, stimulates osteoblasts and inhibits osteoclast activation in vitro. Conflicting results have emerged from short-term studies in rodents but a recent study in men suggests a positive effect on BMD.Aim: To evaluate effects of short- and long-term high-dose RSV supplementation on bone in immobilized and non-immobilized rats.Methods: A total of 72 female Wistar ra...

Introduction: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a monoclonal disorder characterized by proliferation and accumulation of atypical Langerhans cells. Bone involvement is particularly destructive and to date, no standard of care exists. Bisphosphonates are osteoclast inhibitors that could target the multinucleated giant cells within the LCH lesions and might be used to alleviate bone pain and the progression of disease.Objective: To evaluate the effica...

Cholestatic liver disease is often associated with increased fracture risk. We had found that circulating levels of a fibronectin isoform called oncofetal fibronectin (oFN) were elevated in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Indeed, injecting oFN to mice suppressed osteoblast differentiation and bone mineral density in vivo, suggesting it is responsible for bone loss in these patients. The aim of this study was to define the mechanism by which oFN affects osteob...

Background: Neonatal hypocalcemia is defined as S-Ca <2 mmol/l in fullterm newborns and <1.75 mmol/l in preterm newborns. Neonatal hypocalcemia is either early onset (<3 days of age) or late onset (>3 days of age). Newborns with hypocalcemia are often asymptomatic, but mays present with hypotonia, apnea, poor feeding, jitteriness, seizures, cardiac failure. Signs of hypocalcemia rarely occur unless S-Ca drops below 1.75 mmol/l.Case presen...

Objectives: To assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of single and multiple doses of TA-46 administered subcutaneously to healthy volunteers.Methods: This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in a total of 72 subjects. Cohorts of 8 subjects were randomised to receive either TA-46 or placebo in a 3:1 ratio in single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) cohorts. SAD doses were 0.3, 1, 3, 10 a...