Bone Abstracts

Despite mutations in SQSTM1 gene have been detected in up to 50% of patients with familial Paget’s disease of bone (PDB), their prevalence is low in sporadic PDB, likely due to the presence of additional predisposition genes. Recently, at least seven genes were associated with PDB in genome-wide-association studies, including polymorphic variation in OPTN,encoding for optineurin. In particular, a single OPTN variant (rs1561570) was highly associated with...

Acrofrontofacionasal Dysostosis type 1 (AFFND1) is a rare human syndrome (estimated prevalence lower than 1:1,000,000), characterized by bone abnormalities in addition to other multiple congenital anomalies and intellectual disability. Only four AFFND1 families, three of Brazilian and one of Indian origin, have been described so far and an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance has been suggested. The patients are severely affected: the main clinical features are intellect...

Since their initial discovery, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that are able to modulate bone remodeling. Nonetheless, despite the peculiar and aggressive phenotype of pagetic osteoclasts and the associated increase in osteoblast activity, whether deregulation of miRNAs is involved in Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) remains unknown. Here, we performed a serum miRNA expression profile (Taqman Human MicroRNA Array...

Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is a common disorder of bone metabolism characterized by focal areas of excessive and rapid bone resorption and formation, leading to bone pain, deformity and fractures. Despite the well documented increase in the risk of primary bone tumors due to neoplastic degeneration of pagetic tissue, a large retrospective analysis suggested that patients with prostate cancer and PDB have delayed time to bone metastases and improved overall survival tha...

Background: Skeletal dysplasias include many pathological conditions that involve bone metabolism and health and most of them are associated with short stature. 211 genes are associated with bone dysplasia and short stature. Presenting problem: To present a boy with severe short stature and skeletal abnormalities. He was born at term AGA. Growth failure was noted from the age of 8 months. IGF-I levels were low and he was tested for growth hormone deficie...

Background: Osteopetrosis (OP) is a bone disease which is characterized by increased bone density. Autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II (ADO II, also called Albers-Schönberg disease) is the most common type and it is caused by heterozygous mutations in the chloride channel 7 (CLCN7) gene.Presenting problem: To present a patient with known medical and family history of osteopetrosis, who was diagnosed with Growth Hormone (GH) deficiency and was t...

Background: Short stature is a very common reason for referral to a pediatric endocrinologist. Endocrine and non endocrine causes are involved. Short stature can be classified as symmetrical or non-symmetrical. Numerous monogenic causes of growth disorders have been identified.Presenting problem: To present two brothers with familial spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia presenting with short stature and very low growth velocity starting at the age of 8 years. Th...

Background: Hypophosphatemic Rickets is an inherited disorder characterized by defect in bone mineralization, mainly in long bones due to hypophosphatemia. The most common form is the X-linked form but other forms such as autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets and tumor-induces osteomalacia are also described. Symptoms usually begin in infancy or early childhood and there is a large spectrum of abnormalities. The most severe form causes bowing of legs, bone deformities, b...

Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized by bone fragility, resulting in low-energy fractures. Other features are compromised growth, blue sclerae, dental, cardiac and hearing abnormalities.Presenting problem: A girl with OI, hypothyroidism and growth hormone (GH) deficiency is presented. She was born at 32 weeks [birth weight: 1890 gr, length: 44 cm]. Her mother had OI and thyroid nodules. Both were found with heterozygous mutation in t...

Background: Hypocalcemia presenting in adolescence is rare. Most common etiology is autoimmune hypoparathyroidism. Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a rare group of disorders characterized by end-organ resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH), and other hormones, such as TSH, with or without features of Albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy.Case presentation: A 14-year-old boy presented complaining of fatigue and spontaneous carpal spasms in associati...