Bone Abstracts

Background: We have recently identified interleukin 1B (IL-1B) as a potential biomarker for predicting breast cancer patients at increased risk for developing bone metastasis. In mouse models, IL-1B and its receptor (IL-1R1) are upregulated in breast cancer cells that metastasise to bone compared with cells that do not. We have now investigated whether blocking IL-1R with the clinically licensed antagonist, anakinra, might be a potential treatment for breast cancer and bone me...

We recruited 60 healthy volunteers ages 5 to 21 to perform scan-rescan precision tests on the XtremeCT II. Participants were positioned in a carbon fiber immobilization cast. iPad-based video content was used to facilitate motion-free compliance. Distal radius and tibia scans were acquired starting 2 mm proximal to the proximal margin of the growth plate or growth plate remnant. Diaphyseal radius and tibia scans were centered at an offset from the same landmark, corresponding ...

Children with cystinosis have numerous risk factors for impaired bone accrual. We used state-of-the-art quantitative imaging of bone microarchitecture (HR-pQCT) to measure trabecular and cortical microstructure and bone strength in children and adolescents (5-20yrs) with cystinosis. We enrolled 20 cystinosis patients and recruited 34 healthy age- and gender- matched controls. Distal radius and tibia HR-pQCT scans (XtremeCT II, Scanco Medical) were acquired 2...

The impact of sex and maturation on trabecular (Tb) and cortical (Ct) microarchitecture in children and young adults has not been well established. The new second-generation high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT) scanner (XCT II, Scanco Medical) incorporates three important advances to provide greater spatial resolution, direct measures of Tb thickness and spacing and measures in the Ct midshaft. The aim of this study was to identify sex and maturation effects on...

Objectives: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant disorder attributed to mutations in the Notch signaling pathway. Children with ALGS are at increased risk for fragility fracture, but the etiology of this disposition is unknown. Our objective was to characterize bone mass, geometry, and microarchitecture in children with ALGS.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 10 children (9 females) ages 8-18 years, with a clinical diagnosis of ALG...

Participation in high impact sports during growth increases bone quality. Gymnasts have previously displayed increased bone mass and strength at both the upper and lower limbs compared with controls. However, it is not yet understood how bone microarchitecture is affected by gymnastics participation, and if this differs based on gymnastics discipline. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of gymnastics discipline on bone microarchitecture in a...

Improving the effectiveness of adipose-derived human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (AMSCs) for skeletal therapies requires a detailed molecular characterization of mechanisms supporting cell proliferation and multi-potency of AMSCs. We compared gene expression data obtained by high-throughput RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR of actively proliferating and uninduced post-proliferative AMSCs with flow cytometry data for mesenchymal stem cell markers (e.g., CD44, CD73/NT5E, CD90/THY1 a...

We have shown previously that TSG–6 acts as an autocrine regulator of osteoclast activity in vitro, capable of inhibiting RANKL-mediated osteoclastic bone resorption with a similar potency to OPG1,2. Thus, the TSG–6 protein has the potential to be developed as a novel treatment for osteoporosis, which is associated with excessive bone loss3.The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic potential of the is...

We report a male child presenting with antenatally diagnosed bilateral talipes equinovarus, short stature, bilateral cryptorchidism and poor weight gain; born at 39 weeks gestation (birth weight 2.56 kg) to non-consanguineous Caucasian parents. Facial dysmorphism included a prominent forehead, brachycephaly, shallow orbits, a high anterior hairline, a narrow nasal bridge and small mouth with a thin upper lip. He had white sclera and was short for height (−4.4 SDS) with a...

While the importance of interactions between bone and tumors is well-established, the mechanism by which the physical bone microenvironment regulates disease progression is limited by the lack of suitable in vitro models. We have designed 3D Tissue Engineered Constructs (TECs) using microCT imaging in tandem with inkjet 3D printing technology that recapitulate the mechanical and morphometric properties of trabecular bone. 3D-printed TECs exhibited no significant diffe...