Bone Abstracts

Senile osteoporosis and age-related osteopenia are associated with decreased osteoblastogenesis and increased bone marrow adipogenesis. The mechanisms controlling the fate determination of osteoblast to adipocyte differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) during aging are not known. We and others previously showed that the cell-cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin (N-Cadh) expressed in osteoblasts controls bone formation, but little is known about its role in BMSC fate d...

Differentiation of osteoclast progenitor cells into mononucleated TRAcP+ pre-osteoclasts occurs in the bone marrow. But how are these cells dispatched to the future bone resorption sites? We hypothesized that the collagen type III/I-rich reticulin network of the bone marrow might provide a structural framework for localization and migration of differentiating pre-osteoclasts towards the bone surface. Therefore, adjacent sections from decalcified paraffin-embedded iliac crest b...

Objectives: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is reported frequently in adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients but the data is less consistent for children and adolescents. The aim of our study is to describe bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of children over a period of 10 years and to determine if BMD is related to vitamin D level, calcium intake, lung function, height and age.Methods: A retrospective review of 123 DXA scans conducted in 50 children with...

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Wnt factors bind to heparan sulfate chains of syndecans that hence control their distribution in the cell microenvironment and also contribute to the internalization and recycling of the Wnt receptors. Syndecans are therefore likely important Wnt regulators within the bone marrow. Here, we investigated the interactions between Syndecan-2 and Wnt signaling in normal bone cells. We analyzed the effects of 2.3 kb Col1A1 promoter-driven Syndecan-2 overexpression in osteoblasts. Sy...

Renal osteodystrophy encompasses the bone histologic abnormalities seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) isoform B1x is exclusively found in serum of some CKD patients. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between serum BALP isoforms and histologic abnormalities of bone in patients with CKD on chronic dialysis (CKD-5D).Anterior iliac crest bone samples from 40 CKD-5D patients we...

Lysyl oxidase (LOX) catalyzes the cross-linking of collagens and elastin in the extracellular matrix, thereby regulating the tensile strength of many tissues, such as in bone. In cancer, LOX plays a critical role in facilitating tumor growth and metastasis formation in soft tissues. In this study, we first showed by immunohistochemistry using patients’ tumor specimens, that LOX was expressed in the desmoplastic tumor stroma of pairs of colorectal carcinomas and their matc...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence increases with age and the disease predisposes to increased risk of fractures and skeletal complications. One possible contributor to skeletal weakening in diabetes is a decline in blood supply. We hypothesised that bone blood flow is impaired in diabetic mice and that chronic administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) can increase blood flow to bone, thereby stimulating bone formation and improving bone architectu...

Obesity, diabetes, and high fracture risk is linked, but the mechanism is unclear. However, impaired acute adipose tissue inflammation may be a common denominator for these conditions. Impaired adipose tissue inflammation leads to low adipogenesis, insufficient adipose expansion, and signs of diabetes.The aim of this study was to investigate if the low adipogenesis induced by impaired adipose tissue inflammation is coupled to increased osteoblastogenesis...

Background: Pamidronate is FDA approved only in adults. It is frequently used off-label in the treatment of pediatric bone diseases, such as osteogenesis imperfecta, juvenile osteoporosis, and osteopenia in nonambulatory patients with cerebral palsy. The use of pamidronate in these conditions is relatively common, but there may be more to be understood about its role in other rare pediatric bone diseases.Presenting problem: Jansen’s Metaphyseal Chon...