Bone Abstracts

Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (NPPs) hydrolyse nucleotide triphosphates to the corresponding nucleotide monophosphate and the mineralisation inhibitor, pyrophosphate (PPi). This investigation examined the role of NPP1 in bone and soft tissue mineralisation using a mouse model lacking NPP1(Enpp1−/−). At physiological pH 7.35, cultured Enpp1−/...

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Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a glycoprotein that controls the engulfment of apoptotic cells and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, but its role in the bone microenvironment is still unknown. Here we tested the hypothesis that MFG-E8 also regulates bone metabolism and the development of arthritis.MFG-E8 expression was detected in mouse bones and primary murine osteobl...

We have reported femoral osteopenia in short term-vitamin D restricted rats without deterioration in tibial cortical bone volume (CBV), geometry or strength1. This study aimed to establish the effect of extended vitamin D deficiency in aged rat tibial volume and strength. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (9 m, n=6/group) were fed a diet containing varying vitamin D3 (D) levels (0, 2, 12, and 20 IU/day) with either low (0.1%, LCa) or high (1%, HCa) diet...

Extracellular nucleotides stimulate both the formation and resorptive activity of osteoclasts. Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (NPPs) hydrolyse extracellular nucleotide triphosphates to their corresponding monophosphate and pyrophosphate (PPi). We investigated if osteoclasts express functional NPPs and whether Enpp1 gene deletion influenced osteoclast formation and activity. Osteoclasts were formed from the bone marrow of 8 and 15 week old knockou...

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to quantify fracture risk associated with areal bone mineral density (BMD) in older men.Methods: In this prospective analysis we followed 620 men aged 60–93 years (median 74.3 years) for a median 6.4 years, after baseline BMD assessments (performed 2001–2006) as part of the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Based on WHO criteria, 33.5% had normal BMD at the femoral neck, 57.6% were osteopenic and 8.9% osteo...

Objective: The aim of this study was to gain insight into all the current overall costs (direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect costs) of clinical fractures in osteoporotic patients aged 50 years and older in the Netherlands.Materials and methods: This prospective study was part of a larger study in which the effect of a fracture nurse on diagnosis and subsequent treatment of elderly osteoporotic patients with a recent fracture was assessed. Inc...

Background: This case illustrates the longitudinal improvements quantified by serial bone mineral density scans in an adolescent female with juvenile idiopathic osteoporosis treated with pamidronate.Presenting problem: The girl in question presented at 11 years and 10 months with a 5-month history of increasing back pain. A MRI scan prior to referral had indicated vertebral collapse and osteopenia. She had no medical, social or developmental history of n...

Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are common in later life, often coexist, and increase the risk of adverse health outcomes such as disability, falls and fracture. Binkley and colleagues recently devised a score-based system for the diagnosis of ‘dysmobility syndrome’ in an attempt to combine adverse musculoskeletal phenotypes and indentify older individuals at particular risk. We applied these criteria to a larger cohort of participants from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study...