Bone Abstracts

Mineralized tissues like bone, articular calcified cartilage or mineralized turkey leg tendon (MTLT) are build by a composite of hydroxyapatite nano-particles and organic matrix. In bone and MTLT the matrix is formed by collagen type-I, but in contrast to bone in MTLT the collagen is uniaxial orientated, while in cartilage the matrix consists of collagen type-II and proteoglycans.Composition/orientation differences were investigated by a new scanning aco...

The P2Y2 receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor and the natural ligands (ATP/UTP) strongly inhibit mineralized bone nodule formation by osteoblasts in vitro. We have earlier shown that overexpression of the P2Y2 receptor in vivo resulted in decreased bone mineral density (BMD), partially due to increased bone resorption, but also decreased formation (detected by serum bone markers and bone histomorphometry).This ...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus may affect bone via bone structure, bone density, and biochemical markers of bone turnover. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine biochemical markers of bone turnover in diabetics compared to non-diabetics.Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, Cinahl, and Svemed+ with the search terms: ‘Diabetes mellitus’, ‘Diabetes mellitus type 1’, ‘Insulin dependent d...

Background: We have previously shown that MLO-Y4 osteocytes express a number of P2 receptors, respond to a broad range of nucleotides (e.g. UTP) by increasing intracellular calcium concentration and release ATP upon both mechanical and UTP stimulation. The aim of this study therefore is to investigate how the osteocytes release ATP and whether there is a difference in release pathway depending on the type of stimulus.Methods: ATP release was investigated...

Transient paralysis by a single injection of botulinum toxin type A (Botox) in rodents has been shown to cause local bone loss of the affected leg. The animals regain function of the leg within 3–4 weeks and bone loss slowly recovers. The duration of the paralysis is dose-dependent. However, higher doses of Botox cause weight loss and decreased activity level.Aim of study was to investigate whether repeated injections of low-dose Botox could induce ...

Objective: To investigate i) the analytic stability of PTH in venous blood specimens in serum tubes processed at different time intervals after collection compared to immediately processed blood samples collected in K2EDTA tubes, and ii) whether storage of samples in serum tubes for 5 years at −20 °C had an effect on stability of PTH.Methods: Venous blood samples were collected from ten healthy Caucasian females. One K2EDTA tube and three seru...

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether daily treatment with 400 IU vitamin D3 was sufficient to maintain 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations above 60 nmol/l over a 3-year period. In addition, the study aimed to clarify if any differences existed in serum 25(OH)D between pre-supplemented women and women who already had serum 25(OH)D above 60 nmol/l at screening.Methods: Serum samples drawn from 251 postmenopaus...

Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is a common metabolic bone disease characterised by increased and disorganised bone remodelling affecting one or more skeletal sites. Bisphosphonates are highly effective at suppressing bone turnover in PDB but it remains unclear whether greater suppression of bone turnover improves clinical outcome. In the PRISM study, we previously reported that PDB patients randomised to ‘intensive’ treatment aimed at normalising alkaline phospha...

Objectives: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is reported frequently in adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients but the data is less consistent for children and adolescents. The aim of our study is to describe bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of children over a period of 10 years and to determine if BMD is related to vitamin D level, calcium intake, lung function, height and age.Methods: A retrospective review of 123 DXA scans conducted in 50 children with...

The local mechanical properties of bone are influenced not only by the material chemical composition but also by the spatial arrangement of the component’s e.g. orientation of collagen matrix. However, not much is known about local elastic modulus variations in cortical bone. Our goal was to use acoustic imaging to map elastic properties of murine bone with a several microns resolution. Rodent long bones exhibit a permanent growth with endosteal/periosteal bone formation ...