Bone Abstracts

Objective: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with lower bone mass in children. Physical activity and nutrition influence bone pathophysiology, and differences in these lifestyle factors are observed between children with vs. without ASD; however, whether these factors contribute to bone differences is unknown. We examined if: 1) differences existed in bone mineral density (BMD), content (BMC), or bone geometry in boys with vs without ASD and 2) whether physical acti...

The activation of Wnt signaling pathway is blocked by soluble proteins such as WIF-1, sFRP, Dkk1, and sclerostin, which work by sequestering the ligand (Wnt) or the co-receptor/receptor moiety. Recent advances in developing anti blocking agents such as monoclonal antibodies to the sclerostin and Dkk1 protein have generated significant interest as potentially useful approaches to treat patients that could utilize a rapid gain in bone mineral density in the context of osteoporos...

Therapeutic glucocorticoids are still widely used for their anti-inflammatory effects. There are however significant side effects associated with their use. These include effects on bone leading to osteoporosis and fracture but also on muscle (increasing risk of falls) and systemic fuel metabolism (leading to diabetes and increased cardiovascular risk). Research over many decades has tried to develop agents which retain the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids but have...

Background and objectives: Vitamin D deficiency causes calcium-depleted bone, which further weakens the bones and increases the risk of fractures. Also, It is known as related to obstetrics problem like gestational diabetes, infections, preeclampsia and incidence of caesarean section as well as glucose metabolism, immune system, cardiovascular diseases and cancer.Recently, the relationship between preterm birth and vitamin D deficiency becomes the main i...

Objective: From April 2012, pre- and post-operative cognitive assessment amongst hip fracture patients is one of the criteria for enhanced payment to hospitals in England in UK. Aim of the study was to assess the association between dementia and hip fracturesMethods: Setting – Acute hip unit at a UK hospital in Wales (not England).Subjects – patients admitted following hip fracturesA single research...

Histomorphometry is often adopted as a methodological approach in research of femoral bone structure. However, it is common do not describe technical details of procedure especially on the steps of macroscopy, paraffin embedding and microtomy. So we propose a simplified, reliable and reproducible method of histological processing for intertrochanteric region and femoral neck of mice, to ensure the achievement of tissue sections with similar structures, cell populations and his...

The first step to getting started as a post-doc is finding an appealing post-doc position. Be proactive and begin the search and application process early. One of the most critical aspects to think about is the research area. It should be something that excites you and something where you can imagine to work in for the next couple of years. Once you have decided on a research area, you can start thinking about choosing an adviser. The adviser has great power to help build a ca...

Introduction: Normal mechanical loading potently induces bone formation via effects on osteocytes. Current investigations of mechanical loading of bone do not reflect the interactions of the cells within it, mostly focusing on mechanical loading of osteoblasts in monolayers. Existing 3D models do not elucidate the osteoblast-osteocyte interactions that regulate mechanically-induced bone formation. We developed a novel in vitro 3D co-culture model of bone1 t...

Bisphosphonates are the mainstay of medical therapy in the fracturing child with osteoporosis. The majority of the data in children pertains to i.v. pamidronate use in children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), where pamidronate has been associated with improvements in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, vertebral shape, pain, mobility and height.1 Side-effects of pamidronate including acute phase response to the initial dose and retardation o...

Introduction: Bone metastasis pathophysiology is currently defined as a vicious circle. Indeed, tumor cells co-express RANK-L and its receptor, RANK, allowing their own proliferation and peritumoral bone resorption necessary to the lesion expansion. Odontogenic tumors, which occur within the jaw, seem to present the same pathophysiological characteristics. Thus, studying the impact on bone of RANK over-expression by the osteoclasts would permit a better understanding of those ...