Bone Abstracts

Estrogen deficiency promotes bone loss and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists and high-impact exercise both affect musculoskeletal properties. Whereas PPARδ agonists ameliorate training response in muscle, PPARα agonists exert beneficial effects in bone and muscle. In the present study we investigated the effects of the PPARα agonist fenofibrate and high-impact jumping exercise alone and combined in ovariectom...

It is known that body weight is positively correlated with increased bone mineral density and decreased fracture risk. Adiponectin is expressed in bone forming cells, and administration of adiponectin has been demonstrated to stimulated osteoblast proliferation. The overall role of adiponectin in bone metabolism remains unrevealed as both stimulated and inhibiting effects on osteoclastogenesis have been reported. We aimed at describing the relationship between adiponectin and ...

Background and methods: A specific skeletal complication in children with CKD is growth impairment. The effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy on bone turnover and bone material quality are not well understood. Bone matrix mineralization density distribution (BMDD) as assessed by quantitative backscattered electron microscopy (qBEI) is an important determinant of bone material quality and reflects bone turnover (average tissue age) and mineralization kineti...

Adiponectin may play a role in both bone and periodontal remodeling. In this study, the effect of repetitive local administration of human recombinant adiponectin on experimental tooth movement was examined.The first molar of 24 male Wistar rats was moved mesially by a closed coil spring ligated to the molar and anchored to the incisors in front for 14 days, with adiponectin injections every 3rd day. Amount of tooth movement was examined by feeler gauge ...

The musculoskeletal system experiences severe mechanical strain, with repetitive or extreme strains causing significant trauma; the result being an increase in mechanobiological studies evaluating mechanical strain on musculoskeletal cells. Currently, most stretching studies utilise fibronectin-coated cultures, as these enhance cell attachment. However, recent studies suggest that fibronectin increases cell turnover and DNA damage and affects cell differentiation. Furthermore,...

Radiosurgery of the spine is used to treat patients with spinal metastases. Recent studies have shown increased fracture risk in patients treated with high doses of irradiation. This study tested if there is a dose response relationship between prescribed radiation and induced bone loss and metabolism.Methods: Vertebral bodies C5–C7 of ~50 week old female Yucatan minipigs were irradiated at 16, 20, and 24Gy (n=5/dose). The cervical spine re...

Background: Osteonecrosis (ON) has emerged as a debilitating complication of acute pediatric lymphoblastic leukemia (pALL), with severe pain and poor functional outcome. ON affecting weight bearing joints may eventually need arthroplasty, with large juxta-articular lesions being at highest risk. Intravenous Pamidronate (IV-PAM) is postulated to reduce pain and prevent joint collapse in ON.Objective: To study if IV-PAM was effective in 1) preventing joint...

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary bone tumor that develops mainly in young adults. The survival rate at 5 years is below 30% for patients with poor response to treatment or with metastasis.The histones modifications are of critical importance in maintaining the transcription program of both normal and tumor cells. The bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family is an important class of ‘histone reading protein’ capable to...

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The vicious cycle established between bone associated tumors and bone resorption is the central problem with therapeutic strategies against primary bone tumors and bone metastasis. The bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family is an important class of ‘histone reading protein’ capable to recognize the N-acetylation of lysine residues on histone tails. BET bromain proteins have recently been described as regulators of MYC expression in various tumors....