Bone Abstracts

Intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates (pamidronate, zoledronic acid and neridronate) are the mainstays of medical therapy for numerous pediatric bone diseases. While most frequently prescribed for hypercalcemic disorders and osteoporosis, their potent analgesic effects have also led to their use in fibrous dysplasia, osteonecrosis, sickle cell disease, chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis, and complex regional pain syndrome. Bisphosphonates given IV are highly effective in preventin...

Objectives: Osteopenia is a complication of childhood cancer treatment but it is unknown to which extend this occurs in adult survivors, and which subgroups are at risk. We examined bone mineral density (BMD) and assed the relative importance of potential determinants of low BMD in very long-term adult survivors of childhood cancer.Methods: The single-center cohort study included 410 adult CCSs (median age at diagnosis: 6.6 years (range: 0–17 years)...

Background: Long-term use of bisphosphonates has raised concerns about the association with Atypical Femur Fractures (AFFs) that have been reported mainly in postmenopausal women.Clinical case: An 18-year-old patient with juvenile osteoporosis based on X-linked osteoporosis due to a PLS3 mutation developed a low trauma femoral fracture after seven years of intravenous and two years of oral bisphosphonate use, fulfilling the revised ASBMR diagnostic crite...

Epidemiological and experimental data indicates that cadmium creates a risk of bone damage even at low exposure. Our recent findings suggest that this heavy metal may affect bone via destroying the receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κβ (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system balance that plays a key role in the regulation of bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate whether low-level exposure to cadmium, corresponding to low lif...

Introduction: Despite similarities in upfront treatment, impairment of bone mineral density(BMD) varies in long-term adult survivors of childhood cancer (CCS). We studied for the first time whether genetic variation is involved in impairment of BMD in adult long-term CCS.Method: This cross-sectional single-center cohort study included 334 adult CCS (median follow-up time: 15.2 years (range 5.1–39.8); median age at follow-up: 26.1 years (range 18.1&#...

Bone damage is one of the main unfavourable health effects of chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd). This heavy metal stimulates osteoclastic bone resorption and inhibits osteoblastic bone formation resulting in decreased bone mineralization and as a result weakening of the bone biomechanical properties. Recently, using a rat model of chronic human exposure to cadmium, we have revealed that even low exposure to this metal may increase bone vulnerability to fracture. Taking into acc...

β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) biomaterials have been approved for the repair of osseous defects. However, in large defects, the substitution of biomaterial by authentic bone is inadequate to provide sufficient long-term mechanical stability. We aimed to develop composites of β-TCP ceramics and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) to enhance the formation of osteoclasts thereby stimulating material resorption. RANKL was immobilized on &#9...

The Runt-domain transcription factors Runx2 and Runx3 are known to drive chondrocyte maturation from prehypertrophic to the terminal stage. The RUNX family proteins form dimers with CBFb, and bind to consensus sequences of 5′-PuACCPuCa-3′ upstream of target genes to activate or repress transcription.To address the role of Runx3 transcription factor in zebrafish, we have isolated the different splice variants encoding distinct runx3 p...

Background: Recently, the prevalence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in the elderly has dramatically increased. However the relationship between theses disease is not clear.Object: We aimed to determine the independent relations of muscle mass to osteoporosis (femur neck) in relation to body weight, fat mass, and other confounders.Design: We analyzed body composition and BMD data of 570 males and 734 females who are older than 65 ye...

Background: Genetic disorders of mineral metabolism causing nephrolithiasis and bone abnormalities are uncommon and have a varied clinical spectrum. Hypophosphataemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH) is a rare autosomal-recessive condition, typically presenting with severe rickets and hypophosphataemia. Milder forms can present with hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis without bone disease. The underlying pathophysiology is due to mutations in the SLC34A3 gene, which encodes t...