Bone Abstracts

Animal studies suggest that fetal movements are key to healthy skeletal development, but evidence in humans is limited. Breech presentation occurs in 3% of term births and is associated with reduced fetal movement and higher incidence of hip dysplasias, but more general effects on bone development have not been explored.Offspring whole body bone outcomes were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at mean(SD) 6(5) days after birth in 993 i...

Background: Preclinical model studies suggest early life vitamin D depletion reduces bone’s response to mechanical loading. The MAVIDOS trial (randomised placebo controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy) reported winter-born infants of mothers receiving vitamin D supplementation had higher bone mass; the earlier Southampton Princess Ann Cohort study linked pregnancy blood vitamin D levels to later bone mass and size. We showed previously that bone respon...

Objectives: Children who fracture have lower bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) than children who do not sustain fractures, but there is little data on bone microarchitecture in relation to childhood fracture. We assessed tibia microarchitecture using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in children with recent fracture and those without a history of fracture.Methods: Children ag...

Objectives: Weight bearing physical activity (PA) is thought to be beneficial to bone mineral accrual in childhood, but the influence of PA and sedentary time on bone microarchitecture is less well described. We examined the relationships between self-reported PA and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone microarchitecture at the distal tibia, assessed using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).Methods: Healthy c...

Background: Periosteal reaction can be a manifestation of various underlying medical conditions, including tumor, infection, trauma, metabolic or genetic diseases.Presenting problem: A 2 year-old male presented for evaluation of periosteal bone formation in symmetrical distribution of proximal humerus, radius, ulnar, femur, and clavicles, noted after having persistent fussiness, irritability and inability to bear weight and use arms for 3 weeks. He had a...

Objectives: Serum 25(OH)-vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration is known to influence muscle function in postnatal life. Maternal 25(OH)D status during pregnancy has been implicated in the fetal programming of bone and fat mass, but little is known about its role in determining offspring muscle development. We investigated the associations between maternal serum 25(OH)D concentration in pregnancy and offspring muscle mass and strength at 4 years.Materials and...

Objective: Although metabolic syndrome is common in gout patients, recent reports that bone mineral density may actually be reduced (and falls common) in this group have led researchers to hypothesise that osteoporotic fracture may be more common in subjects with gout than in healthy controls. We tested this hypothesis in a national Danish registry.Material and Methods: We identified subjects as new users of allopurinol, a proxy for gout, for the years 1...

Although it has been suggested that overweight and obese children have an increased risk of fracture, recent studies in post-menopausal women have shown that the relationship between obesity and fracture risk varies by fracture site. Thus, obesity is protective against wrist fractures but confers an increased risk of humeral fractures. There are no data to suggest whether this observation is also present in children. We therefore assessed whether adiposity and overweight/obesi...

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Objective: Describe UK regional variation in prescription of anti-osteoporosis drug therapy before and after a primary hip fracture during 1999–2013.Materials and Methods: We used primary care data (Clinical Practice Research Datalink) to identify patients with a hip fracture and primary-care prescriptions of any anti-osteoporosis drugs (bisphosphonates, strontium, denosumab, oestrogen therapy, SERMS, teriparatide) prior to primary hip fracture and ...