Bone Abstracts

Objectives: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective disorder caused by mutations in FBN1 gene which encodes the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin 1. Pathogenesis relies on a dysregulation of activated TGF-β. Cardiovascular, ocular and skeletal systems are involved with a variable expressivity. Findings evolve with age, making the diagnosis in children more difficult. Skeletal involvement includes disproportionate long bone overgrowth, scoliosis, and chest deformity. Al...

Objectives: A role for glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in controlling bone mass and strength has previously been reported. However, the rapid degradation of GIP in the bloodstream by the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme precludes therapeutic use. To circumvent this problem, a series of N-terminally modified GIP agonists have been developed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 28-day treatment with N-AcGIP on bone microarchitecture and...

Introduction: Bone mineral density (BMD) is a highly heritable trait used to assess skeletal health in children and risk of osteoporosis later in life. To date >60 loci associated with bone-related traits measured at different skeletal sites have been identified. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of total body (TB-)BMD in children and adults to identify genetic determinants and age-specific effects of loci on this trait.<p class="abstext...

We studied changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in bone cell cultures obtained from human subjects with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, to evaluate differences between these patients and healthy subjects. We enrolled 36 patients: 12 undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty for osteoporotic femoral fractures (group A, mean age range 57–80), 12 for hip osteoarthritis (group B, mean age range 57–80), and 12 healthy subjects who suffered a high-energy...

Objectives: We aimed to analyze bone mineralization in postmenopausal women of Southern Apulia and to evaluate the effect of obesity-related phenotypes as BMI ≥30 kg/m2, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.Methods: The PROF project is a population-based study on 3.356 subjects (40–99 years) analyzed by phalangeal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) to evaluate bone mineral status. A total of 2.756 postmenopausal women were ...

Background: Among body composition phenotypes there is no consensus on definition and consequences of sarcopenic obese phenotype. The recommended method to quantify the muscle mass is the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), based on measurement of total fat mass and appendicular lean mass. A high BMI may provide a great bone mineral density (BMD) in many individuals, but it does not guarantee optimal bone strength. The aim of our study is to investigate the influence of sa...

Background: Sarcopenic obesity is usually defined by the combination of sarcopenia and obesity but there is not a standard definition yet. The recommended method for the quantification of muscle mass is dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), based on assessment of total fat mass and appendicular lean mass. Low Body Mass Index (BMI) used to be considered as a risk factor for fragility fracture. However, recent evidences have demonstrated a correlation between BMI and vertebral...

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Effects of whole bone scaling on isolated osteoblast behaviours are unknown. Exhibiting a huge range in size, inbred canines are an ideal species to determine such relationships. We have therefore undertaken initial studies in both male and female red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), the most abundant and accessible wild canid member in the United Kingdom.Femoral heads were removed from five fresh red fox cadavers (see details on table) and bone fragments...

Background: An inadequate intake of nutrients, low levels of physical activity, and chronic diseases contribute to reduce muscle mass and physical performance in elderly. WHO reported that number of individuals aged ≥60 years will triple in 2050, with the sub-population aged >85 years that will grow faster than the others. Market of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements is growing in Italy, in particular aimed to improve health in elderly. Objective of this scoping ...