Bone Abstracts

Surgical removal of the stomach (gastrectomy, Gx) leads to osteopenia in animals and in humans. In the rat, Gx causes loss of calvaria and trabecular bone, which can be reduced by 2-oxoglutaric acid (2-Ox), a precursor of hydroxyproline the most abundant amino acid in bone collagen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects (if any) of Gx on articular cartilage and if dietary 2-Ox can protects against eventual adverse effects of Gx. Twenty female Sprague–Da...

Our earlier results indicate that prenatal exposure to dexamethasone, synthetic glucocorticoid, may disturb metabolic processes in skeletal system with long-term consequences. Functional foods show a beneficial action that improve the state of health and reduce the risk of disease. The study was performed to determine whether 2-oxoglutaric acid (2-Ox) can abolish the growth inhibiting effect of prenatally administered dexamethasone (DEX) manifested in the growth plate and arti...

Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is one of a number of protein-bound uremic toxins that accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease. Current conventional hemodialysis is ineffective at removing this toxin. Although IS may impair osteoblast function and induce abnormalities of bone turnover or arthropathy, the effects on knee joint tissue by IS has not been investigated yet. The present studies have been carried out to test the IS effects on synovial fibroblasts, meniscal fibrochond...

Purpose: Denosumab is a new potent antiresorptive treatment of osteoporosis that can potentially induce a compensatory increase of parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. We aimed to evaluate the alteration of PTH 1 and 6 months after denosumab’s administration (60 mg) with different regimens of calcium and vitamin D (Ca/D) supplementation, as well as the association of PTH with serum Ca and bone markers.Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, study...

Introduction: Evidence in literature shows how is useful to use antiresorptive drugs such as bisphosphonates, in severe osteoporosi severe after PTH (1–34 or 1–84) treatment.Methods: This study was divided into two parts: the first one analyzed BMD changes by DXA at the lumbar and femoral and serum osteocalcin and β-CTX, monitoring their performance after 6, 12 and 18 months in 71 women with severe postmenopausal osteoporosis, treated for ...

Introduction: A retrospective analysis we previously performed on post-menopausal women showed that the addition of inulin (3 g) and soy isoflavones (40 mg) to daily calcium (500 mg) and vitamin D3 (300 UI) supplementation was able to increase calcium absorption by 60%, while reducing circulating parathormone and leaving vitamin D3 levels unchanged. Therefore, we tested whether such a mixture could affect also bone metabolism.Method...

Background: Boys with muscular dystrophy as presented by Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) lose muscle strength and are usually confined to a wheelchair until 13 years. Furthermore they often have development of myogenic scoliosis, and scoliosis surgery is necessary to acquire sitting balance. Osteoporosis is one of the major concerns to perform surgical treatment. Patients with DMD or congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) have fragile bones due to loss of ambulation, glucocorti...

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) modulates activity of proteins by removing two aminoterminal amino acids. DPP4 inhibitors are currently being used to improve glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetes patients by increasing the half-life of DPP4 substrates. It has been shown that these substrates do not only increase pancreatic insulin secretion, but also influence bone cell activity. The potential therapeutic effect of DPP4 inhibition on bone metabolism is thus worth being investigat...

Introduction: The RANKL/RANK/OPG system has a key role in bone metabolism. Beyond its role in bone loss, its importance was also documented during inflammation which occurrs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and its receptors RANK as well as its decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the colon during experimantal IBD and following BMP7 or corticosteroid therapy.</...

Conventional treatment of hypoparathyroidism with calcium and active vitamin D analogues causes a high renal calcium excretion and over-mineralized bone.We studied 62 patients with hypoPT randomized to 6 months of treatment with either parathyroid hormone (PTH(1-84)) 100 μg/d s.c. or similar placebo, administered as an add-on therapy. Forty-two of the patients had follow-up test performed after 2.5 years; 9 patients had continued daily PTH treatment...