Bone Abstracts

Objectives: Adolescents with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have significantly lower bone mineral density (BMD) compared to their non-affected peers. Their difficulty in performing weight bearing movement skills is hypothesised to explain poorer bone characteristics. This feasibility study examined the impact of a 13-week exercise intervention on tibial bone parameters in adolescents with DCD.Methods: Twenty-eight adolescents with DCD particip...

Tumors contain a small population of cancer stem cells (CSC) proposed to be responsible for tumor maintenance and relapse. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity has been used as a functional stem cell marker to isolate CSCs in different cancer types. This study used the Aldefluor assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis to isolate ALDH1high cells from five human sarcoma cell lines and one primary chordoma cell line. ALDH1high cell...

Chordomas are rare, low to intermediate grade malignant bone tumors of the axial skeleton. Current treatment options are limited to surgical procedures as chordomas are largely resistant to conventional radiation and chemotherapy. Cell lines are valuable tools to explore molecular mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and they have a fundamental impact on the development of new anticancer agents. We established a novel chordoma cell-line, MUG-Chor1, from a recurrent morphologic...

Osteoclast (OC)-mediated bone destruction is a key feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In RA synovial tissue a reduced density of catecholaminergic nerve fibres has been observed. Studies on sweat gland innervation proved that catecholaminergic fibres have the ability to undergo a phenotypic transition to cholinergic nerves. The sympathetic neurotransmitters norepinephrine (NE), acetylcholine (ACh), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) affect osteoclastogenesis oppositely...

Osteoclast resorption depends on their ability to reorganise their actin cytoskeleton and form the sealing zone. In order to resorb bone, osteoclasts become polarised by condensing their podosomes into a highly dynamic podosomal belt. The podosome turnover is regulated by several factors such as non-receptor tyrosine kinases, small GTPases and actin-binding proteins. The innate immune system responds to viral pathogens. Cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA activates the immune syst...

Background: Improving the general population’s vitamin D status through food fortification is part of an ongoing debate. Vitamin D status during pregnancy may influence the long-term bone health of offspring; yet conflicting results have been reported and none of the studies have examined paediatric fracture as outcome.Method: The influence of extra vitamin D exposure during prenatal life and risk of fracture during adolescence was determined by com...

Background: Improving the general population’s vitamin D status through food fortification is part of an ongoing international debate. Vitamin D status during pregnancy may influence the long-term bone health of the offspring; yet conflicting results have been reported and none of the studies have examined paediatric fracture as outcome.Method: The influence of extra vitamin D exposure during prenatal life and risk of fracture during adolescence was...

Background: The Ketogenic Diet Treatment (KDT) is a well-established intervention for intractable childhood epilepsy and the first choice treatment for Gluccose-1-transporter-deficiency-syndrome and Pyruvate-dehydrogenase-complex deficiency. During long-term follow up of children treated with KDT an increased incidence of bone fractures has been found. However, the exact contribution of KDT to a decreased BMD remains unclear. Prophylactic supplementation with calcium and vitam...

Objective: Evaluate the clinical characteristics of all Latin American pediatric patients with Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) enrolled in the ICGG Gaucher Registry at baseline and investigate long-term outcomes and clinical benefit of prolonged imiglucerase/alglucerase therapy in patients with manifestations of GD1 at baseline.Methods: All Latin American patients with GD1 in the ICGG Gaucher Registry (NCT00358943) who were <18 years of age at the start...

Objective: Low dietary calcium intakes and increasing adiposity in Indian adolescents may increase their risk of hypertension (Sanwalka et al., Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010, Khadilkar et al., Int J Pediatr Obes. 2010). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore association of dietary calcium intakes and body composition with blood pressure in 10–14 year old Indian adolescents.Method: 370 apparently healt...