Bone Abstracts

Tumour growth and metastatic dissemination are significantly reduced in mice bearing an inactivation of the macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) gene, due to angiogenesis impairment. In fact, M-CSF directly induces angiogenesis by increasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. Interleukin 34 (IL34), the M-CSF’s ‘twin’ cytokine, was characterized as a new cytokine promoting the growth, survival and differentiation of the myeloid lineage....

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used as antiresorptive drugs. However, one of most potent BPs, zoledronic acid (ZA) can cause BP-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) with a poorly understood pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to find a clue for the development of BRONJ by evaluating the cytotoxic effects of ZA on osteoblasts and examining the action mechanism of ZA on osteoclast differentiation. Jaw bone osteoblasts (JB-OBs), long bone osteoblasts (LB-OBs), and b...

Only minor literature on histopathologic changes in Blount’s disease is available. This study presents the histologic findings of biopsies harvested from the medial and lateral part of the proximal tibia during the W/M serrated osteotomy in patients with infantile Blount’s disease, performed in Ghana. In this study it is hypothesized that the medial metaphyseal area in these children will present a different histological morphology compared to the lateral metaphyseal...

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) functions mainly in the form of two complexes, namely mTORC1 and mTORC2, which are distinct in their unique components, raptor and rictor. Here, we focused on bone phenotypes in mice with a specific deletion of rictor using a Cre recombinase gene whose expression was driven by the promoter of osteocalcin. All procedures involving mice were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the local admin. DXA analysis showed a ...

Low bone formation is considered to be the main feature in osteoporosis associated with cholestatic and end-stage liver diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated the deleterious consequences of retained substances such as lithocholic acid (LCA) and bilirubin (Bil) on osteoblastic cells. These effects are neutralized by ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). To gain new insights into cholestatic-induced osteoporosis, we have assessed the differential gene expression of osteoblastic ce...

I will describe non-cancerous skeletal diseases that occur as a consequence of somatic mutation. I will introduce the work of Drs Mary Lyon, Dorothea Bennett, and Rudolf Happle that provided insights into the mechanism responsible for several genetic, non-heritable diseases. I will then describe the technology and analytic strategies that several laboratories, including my own, employed to identify mutations in patients with Maffucci, Proteus, CLOVES, and Klippel-Trenaunay syn...

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) are used to treat osteolytic bone metastases. N-BPs have been previously shown to enter macrophages via macropinocytosis, but the mechanisms how they are taken up by breast cancer cells are so far incompletely known. In breast cancer primary tumours N-BPs have been shown, by other researchers, to be bound to micro-calcifications present in the tumour stroma. In our study we have characterized how different N-BP formulations, free, ca...

Objectives: This study thus was aimed at investigating of ultrastructure of the hipbone biomineral in rats with defect in tibia after 60-day per os administration of sodium benzoate (SB) in various concentrations and mexidol (M).Methods: The experiment involved 280 male thoroughbred rats with initial body weight of 200–210 g. The 1st group (K) comprised animals that received daily per os 1 ml of 0.9% solution of NaCl, the 2nd and t...

Objectives and method: We retrospectively reviewed records of current patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) to identify those on risedronate, doses used and effects of treatment. BMD changes over time were calculated as difference between measurement before risedronate and at one year (including measurements −3–0 m and 10–14 m after starting risedronate respectively).Results: 219/296 (74%) patients with OI had received bisphosphonate...

Introduction: Treatment in thyroid function disorders, which lead to clinical hypothyroidism, is replacement with levothyroxine. We aimed to investigate the effect of long-term levothyroxine therapy on vitamin D metabolism and bone mineral density in children.Materials and methods: Twenty-seven children with hypothyroidism receiving levothyroxine therapy (M/F: 13/14, mean age, 12.1±0.7 years) and 21 healthy controls (M/F: 13/8, mean age, 11.8±0...