Bone Abstracts

Bone metastasis (BM) is a dismal complication of cancer, occurring frequently in patients with advanced breast carcinoma. During metastatic progression, carcinoma cells harness osteoclast (OC) activity, promoting osteolysis. To adapt to hypoxia and/or to support proliferation, carcinoma cells adopt primarily glycolysis for energy production, therefore releasing lactic acid in the microenvironment through monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4). Stressed by tumor cells, osteoblast...

High fat diet (HFD), obesity, and physical inactivity characterize the modern lifestyle. This can lead to coronary heart diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have shown that these conditions frequently are associated with poor bone quality. However, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. To analyze the effect of HFD and exercise (EX) on bone homeostasis, we fed 6 week-old C57BL/6 mice a high fat (60% fat) or standard chow diet for 10 weeks (10-20 mice...

Patients with hypoparathyroidism lack sufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) and exhibit reduced bone turnover, abnormally increased bone mineral density (BMD), and abnormal bone microarchitecture. Current treatment regimens fail to address underlying PTH deficiency. In the REPLACE phase III trial, treatment with rhPTH(1–84) restored mineral homeostasis, increased bone turnover markers (BTMs), and decreased BMD in patients with hypoparathyroidism.REPE...

Hypoparathyroidism results in low bone turnover and increased bone mineral density (BMD). Replacing deficient PTH with rhPTH(1–84) has the potential to correct these skeletal abnormalities. To investigate the effect of rhPTH(1–84) on BMD and bone turnover markers (BTMs), data from two studies were assessed.REPLACE, a double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study, randomized 134 patients with hypoparathyroidism to receive once-daily rhPTH(...

Evidence is unclear on the effect of vitamin D intake on vitamin D status in children.Objective: In a meta-analysis, investigate the effect of vitamin D supplements and/or fortified foods on vitamin D status, using the biomarker 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in children 2–18 years.Methods: Eligible studies were randomized placebo-controlled trials, published in English, in children 2–18 years that compared vitamin D suppl...

Introduction: The availability of bone turnover markers (BTMs) that are kidney independent has facilitated the monitoring of bone turnover in renal patients with hyperparathyroid bone disease. The effects of Cinacalcet on BTMs and on the relationship between parathyroid hormone (PTH) and BTMs were studied.Methods: The formation marker procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP) and resorption marker tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b) were measur...

Introduction: Bisphosphonates gain increasingly greater significance in treatment oncologic diseases with bone metastasis. However, a lot of articles have lately been published in dental and oncological journals on jaw osteonecrosis (ONJ) associated with long-term ingestion of bisphosphonates. Besides extension of clinical recommendations for zolendronate use, most commonly referred to in connection with ONJ, for treatment of Paget’s diseaseand other disturbances of bone ...

Abaloparatide (ABL) is a novel analog of hPTHrP (1–34) in clinical development for treatment of osteoporosis. This study evaluated the long-term effects of ABL on BMD and bone strength in aged osteopenic, ovariectomized (OVX) monkeys. Four groups of ≥9-year-old female cynomolgus monkeys underwent OVX and one group underwent Sham surgery. After a 9-month bone depletion period, increases in bone markers and decreases in BMD by DXA and pQCT were observed for OVX groups...

Introduction: Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels are frequently found in fertile women and associated with low birth weight, reduced fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Objective: We investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on birth weight, fertility, and delivery complications in women planning pregnancy with low 25OHD levels.Methods: This was an investigator-initiated double-blind, randomized, placebo-contro...

Introduction: Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with several clinical outcomes including diabetes and myopathy and is implicated in the human aging process. We previously showed that the mitochondrial DNA point mutation mtDNA3243A>G is associated with lower BMD and altered bone structure. The aim of this study was to assess bone turnover markers in individuals with the mutation and controls.Methods: We recruited 45 patients (29 female, 16 male)...