Bone Abstracts

Objectives: To examine the bone mineral density (BMD) response to i.v. pamidronate (Group 1) vs i.v. zoledronic acid (Group 2) in non-ambulatory children and young adults with severe cerebral palsy or other neuromuscular disorders.Methods: A total of 50 non-ambulatory children and young adults, (mean age 11.3 years, range 2.1–32) with low BMD and/or history of fractures were retrospectively studied. Thirty-nine patients (30 spastic quadriplegic cere...

Rationale and hypothesis: In ~70% of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients, incurable bone metastases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. It has been shown that in models of PCa, bone metastases are initiated by a minor subset (<1% of total cell population) that are mitotically quiescent and which have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recent studies have shown that various P2 receptors regulate invasiveness/EMT in different types of c...

Survival of chronic diseases in childhood is often achieved utilizing glucocorticoids. However, the survival comes at a cost to the growing skeleton, resulting in impairment in the acquisition of peak bone mass and is the major etiology of secondary osteoporosis in children. We recently found that preosteoclasts secrete platelet derived growth factor type BB (PDGF-BB) to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis during both modeling and remodeling. As glucocorticoid therapy affect...

Context: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in children is thought to be extremely rare. We reviewed our experience with PHPT to better characterize these patients.Objective and methods: A total of 62 patients (<18 years) treated in our hospital were respectively analysed to summarize the clinical characterization and molecular genetics in this rare condition in Chinese. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of our center.<p class=...

Paget disease of bone (PDB) is a common metabolic bone disease characterized by increased bone resorption and disorganized bone formation which can affect single or multiple sites of bone. Although the exact cause of PDB is still controversial, genetic factor is considered to play an important role in PDB. The causative gene of classical PDB was identified as Q8STM1 gene. Familial expansile osteolysis caused by the mutation of TNFRSF11A(RANKL) gene a...

Introduction: Bone mineral density decreases before menopause and is held to be due to trabecular, not cortical, bone loss. Yet neither a negative bone balance, nor accelerated remodelling occurs before 45 years of age. We hypothesized that bone loss will first appear after 45 years and will be cortical (as 80% of bone is cortical).Methods/design: Images of distal tibia acquired using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (Scanco Me...

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Adaptive responses of the skeleton to loading changes architecture and physical properties in order to optimise strength for function. However, bone is subjected to many local and circulating osteotropic factors, most acting on G-protein coupled receptors. Receptor activity modifying protein-3 is a single trans-membrane domain receptor accessory protein, which aids in trafficking of calcitonin and calcitonin-like receptors to the cell surface and changes ligand selectivity. As...

Fracture healing is a multistep process that involves many cell lineages and is still not fully understood. We aimed to identify and characterize population of mesenchymal progenitor cells during its commitment within a fracture callus. To identify and trace cells in periosteum and bone marrow we used αSMA promoter-driven inducible Cre expression (αSMA-CreERT2) combined with a Cre-activated tdTomato reporter (Ai9) to generate αSMACre/Ai9 mice. Tibias, fixed with...