Bone Abstracts

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, which functions as bile acid sensor controlling the bile acid homeostasis. We have investigated the role of FXR in regulating bone metabolism in vivo. We have identified expression of FXR in calvaria and bone marrow cells, which was gradually increased during osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. Deletion of FXR in vivo has resulted in significant reduction in bone mineral density by...

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a genetic condition which alters collagen biosynthesis(1). Prevalence is estimated at 1 in every 15, 000 births. It is a disorder with a wide spectrum of severity, with cases ranging from the extremely mild to those of perinatal mortality. Typical features include bone fragility; short stature; long bone deformity and persistent blue sclera(2). Although currently there is no cure for OI, with the input of a multidisciplinar...

Diabetes leads to development of osteoporosis. Experimental type 1 diabetes may be induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ), and nicotinamide (NA) administered 15 min before STZ dose-dependently protects against the STZ action. Coffee drinking, apart of its health benefits, is taken into consideration as an osteoporosis risk factor. Data from human and experimental studies on coffee and caffeine effects on the skeletal system are inconsistent. For example, although oth...

Objectives: To evaluate musculoskeletal trajectories in children with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease (CD), and to determine whether children treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha antibody (anti-TNF, TREATED vs NAÏVE) had persistent deficits at two years.Methods: This was a single-centre prospective, observational inception cohort study. Children with CD underwent assessments within 6.5±9.5 days from diagnosis and annually for two...

To use HRpQCT to investigate the effects of short term but intense exercise on the bone architecture of the distal radius in exercise-naïve women, with the ultimate aim of developing exercise regimes for children that will maximise their peak bone mass.We have recruited 16 of 20 proposed exercise-naïve women, aged 18–25, for a 12-week exercise study. The exercise consists of supervised hammering of a metal plate, using their dominant arm, ...

Spatial distributions of major and minor chemical elements are supposed to change during tissue maturation and due to bone diseases. Previous studies suggested that osteocytes have the ability to interact with the bone matrix of their environment. For this interaction osteocytes make use of the big inner surface of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network (OLCN) in which they are accommodated. The aim of this study was to quantify spatial correlations between the elemental com...

During early life undernutrition impairs normal weight and height gain that affects bone health. During recovering it is required an extra-amount of Ca to ensure the high demands of bone mineralization. A mixture of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) would be a useful tool to increase mineral intestinal absorption to enhancing the amount of Ca to be retained into bone. Our objective was to evaluate, in an experimental model of protein restriction (P...

The renal stones found in the mummies of Pandolfo III Malatesta, Lord of Fano (1370–1427) and an anonymous nobleman from Popoli (XVIII century) were investigated using different techniques. Both specimens were examined with binocular stereomicroscopy (BSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), also with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Multiple tiny fragments from surface and inner portions were submitted to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Subsequently, the cal...

Several independent international studies have shown increased bone fracture rates in patients with hyponatremia (HN). A likely major contributor to this finding is gait instability and increased falls in HN patients. Studies in experimental animals have also demonstrated HN-induced bone loss, and analysis of human subjects in NHANES III showed a significantly increased odds ratio for osteoporosis by hip DXA in the HN subjects in this database. In vitro studies of the...

A Danish database initiative was established in 2003 with the purpose of evaluating patients treated with teriparatide. After the introduction in 2006 of 1–84-PTH, these patients were also included. A total of 1494 patients from 19 centers were reported to the database, until closure in 2011. The reported patients correspond to a third of all patients in Denmark receiving anabolic treatment during this time period. With regard to age and sex the reported patients do not d...