Bone Abstracts

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to scan femoral heads from cadaveric donors and investigate the microarchitecture within each femoral head comprehensively.Material and methods: Ten proximal femora was harvested from eight human cadaveric donors and these specimens were scanned using micro-computed tomography. Reconstructed batches of images were aligned along the main trabecular direction (MTD). The upper hemisphere of each femoral head was includ...

The P2Y14 (purinergic receptor P2Y, G protein coupled, 14) receptor for UDP-glucose and other UDP-sugars has been implicated in the regulation of the stem cell compartment as well as neuroimmune function. However, the role of P2Y14 in osteoclast formation is completely unknown. We found that RANKL selectively induced P2Y14 among seven mammalian P2Y receptors when analysed at both the mRNA and protein level, but inhibitors of the MAP pathway suppressed induction of P2Y14 protei...

We sought to elucidate the effects of dietary caloric alterations on bone marrow adiposity and the effects of β-adrenergic signaling on marrow stromal cells’ adipogenic differentiation. Male 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were assigned into three groups: an ad-libitum fed control diet (CON; 10 kcal% fat), a high calorie diet (HIGH; 60 kcal% fat) and a low calorie diet (LOW; 30% kcal restriction vs CON diet). In each diet group, mice were treated with vehicle (VEH: ...

Osteocytes may function as mechanotransducers by regulating local osteoclastogenesis. Reduced availability of oxygen, i.e. hypoxia could occur during disuse, bone development and fracture. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is an osteoblast/stromal cell derived essential factor for osteoclastogenesis. Hypoxia induced osteoclastogenesis via increased RANKL expression in osteoblasts was demonstrated. Hypoxic regulation of gene expression general...

Activation of p38 MAPK by RANKL is regulated by the scaffolding protein receptor for activated C-kinase 1 (RACK1) in osteoclast precursors, whereas it is unclear whether RACK1 can also affect in mature osteoclasts. In this study, to identify that the interaction of RACK1 with c-Src is essential for osteoclast function, we generated several mutants affecting the RACK1-c-Src association. A RACK1 mutant protein (mutations of tyrosine 228 and 246 residues to phenylalanine) disrupt...

Introduction: As Korean society have been entered to aging population, osteoporosis is considered one of the most important disease in the elderly. Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can affect to patient’s quality of life. But, in Korea, there is few studies about this, so we investigated.Aim: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with vertebral compression fracture.Methods: This study was performed in multice...

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, which functions as bile acid sensor controlling the bile acid homeostasis. We have investigated the role of FXR in regulating bone metabolism in vivo. We have identified expression of FXR in calvaria and bone marrow cells, which was gradually increased during osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. Deletion of FXR in vivo has resulted in significant reduction in bone mineral density by...

Engulfment adaptor phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain containing 1 (GULP1) is an adaptor protein involved in the engulfment of apoptotic cells via phagocytosis. Although GULP1 is widely expressed in various tissues, including the brain, muscle, testis, and bone, the function of GULP1 has not been well studied. Here, we investigated whether GULP1 plays a role in the regulation of bone remodeling and examined its expression in bone cells. Conditional Gulp1 floxed mice...

Discordance of T-score is frequently observed and affects to therapeutic strategy in osteoporosis. Z-score discordance in premenopausal women has not been reported yet. In addition, despite of important role of low bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal women to predict osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal age, there are very few reports on the status of low BMD in healthy premenopausal women. To investigate the current status of idiopathic osteoporos...

Introduction: To compare serum vitamin D levels in elderly patients with or without osteoporotic spinal compression fractures (OSCF) and to evaluate a correlation between serum vitamin D level and several variables such as age, and bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers.Methods: The medical records of 78 patients with OSCF (fracture group) and 84 age-matched control patients who were diagnosed osteoporosis without OSCF (control group) were rev...