Bone Abstracts

Objective: Cartilage loss and subchondral bone changes are hallmarks of osteoarthritis (OA). The Wnt family is involved in the regulation of bone and cartilage. We have shown that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is activated in bone during OA, but the effect of its inhibition in bone in cartilage remodeling is unknown. We here investigated the impact of the bone-specific inhibition of Wnt during the development of OA.Methods: Partial meniscectomy (Mnx) wa...

Purpose: High osteoclastogenesis accompanies early stages of osteoarthritis (OA). Cartilage loss is reduced when osteoclasts are inhibited in mice models with bone hyperresorption. Although several evidences show that osteoclast-produced molecules affects chondrocyte metabolism, the mechanism by which inhibition of osteoclasts protects from cartilage damage is unclear. Our purpose was to investigate the role of Sphingosine 1 Phosphate, a lipid mediator secreted by osteoclasts ...

Atypical femoral fractures (AFF) of the subtrochanteric region are rare. Bisphosphonates account to a large extent to their occurrence, however AFF also occur without exposure to bone medication. We here assessed the genetic factors associated with AFF among subtrochanteric fractures. Cases of subtrochanteric or femoral shaft fractures were identified through ICD-10 codes in three French academic centers from 2007 to 2010. Medical records were analyzed by two investigators tha...

Objective: This work investigated the changes of bone hip structural parameters in obese adolescents enrolled in a successful weight loss program.Methods: Thirty-one obese adolescents (age 13.61±1.27) enrolled in a 8-month weight loss program combining physical activity and nutrition were compared with normal-weight (NW) matched peers (age 15.9±0.43). Investigations were performed at baseline and 8 months. Bone geometric and strength indices we...

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary bone tumor that develops mainly in young adults. The survival rate at 5 years is below 30% for patients with poor response to treatment or with metastasis.The histones modifications are of critical importance in maintaining the transcription program of both normal and tumor cells. The bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family is an important class of ‘histone reading protein’ capable to...

Background: The traditional Inuit diet in Greenland consists mainly of fish and marine mammals. The marine diet is an important source for vitamin D in Greenland. Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory capacity but markers of inflammation were high in Inuit with a high intake of marine food items. Yet, the effect of vitamin D on inflammation in Inuit remains unsettled.Objectives: To investigate the association between vitamin D and markers of inflammation in a ...

Aims: Using an extensive bioinformatic approach we identified integrin α5 subunit as a novel potential target to treat bone dissemination from breast cancer. Aim of this study is to confirm the value of this target.Methods: Integrin α5 mRNA expression levels were quantified by qRT-PCR, using radically resected primary tumors of 427 breast cancer patients. α5 expression at protein level by IHC on primary tumor was correlated, in an addition...

Destructive bone lesions due to osteolytic bone disease (OBD) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and the development of new therapeutic strategies is of great interest. In this study, we assessed the effect of SRC inhibition with saracatinib (AZD0530, AstraZeneca) on the development of MM and its associated OBD. We first determined SRC family kinase expression in the MM microenvironment and found that myeloma cells express SRC at low...

Breast cancer cells that escape primary tumors disseminate to bone with high affinity at late-stage disease. Circulating breast tumor cells that invade the bone marrow (BM) express sets of deregulated genes and/or microRNAs (miRNAs) that facilitate their bone tropism and enhance engraftment of disseminated tumor cell (DTC) in BM which may subsequently induce osteolytic lesions. MiRNA transcriptomic profiling of the human breast cancer DTC cell line, BC-M1, and of the osteotrop...

Marine cyanobacteria have been recognized as an important source of bioactive compounds. The cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines has been extensively explored and several cyanobacteria metabolites are already described as potential anticancer compounds or are considered useful templates for the design of new anticancer drugs. The majority of compounds have been isolated from filamentous or colonial cyanobacteria that growth in high densities along shores. In contrast, picoplankt...