Bone Abstracts

Introduction: Despite the popularity of platet lysate (PL) treatments in orthopaedics, the mechanism of action and the effectiveness of this therapeutic tool is still controversial. So far, the activity of PL has been associated with different growth factors (GFs) released upon platelet degranulation. However, PL activity might also be due to the efficient cell to cell transport system of GF and other bioactive molecules by their encapsulation into exosomes. In this study, we ...

Osteocalcin, the neurotrophins BDNF/NGF and Oxytocin(Oxt) have pleiotropic effects on energy metabolism, bone mass, reproduction and brain functions suggesting a coordinated regulation. The carboxylated osteocalcin(Ost) acts on bone, while the uncarboxylated Ost shows hormone-like actions. NGF regulates female fertility elevating LH, Ost−/− mice show high LH in spite of decreased testosterone. BDNF/NGF-Oxt-Ost interactions was investigated by RT-PCR meas...

Objectives: The study is aimed at investigation of ultrastructure of biomineral of the ramius of mandible (BRM) in rats after application of sodium glutamate (SG) and exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), and finding possibility of medication with Spirulina (SP).Methods: The experiment involved 240 rats with body weight of 180–200 g. The animals were distributed into eight groups as follows: intact animals for the controls, animals that received ...

Hyperthyroidism in mice is associated with a low bone mass, an increased bone turnover and high serum levels of sclerostin, a potent Wnt inhibitor. Here, we explored the effects of either reducing bone turnover with bisphosphonates or increasing bone formation with neutralizing sclerostin antibodies (Scl-Ab) on bone mass and estimated strength in hyperthyroid mice.Twelve-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were rendered hyperthyroid by adding L-thy...

Introduction: We have recently shown that T cells play a key role in postmenopausal bone loss, here we investigate the influence of estrogen replacement therapy in the control of the immune system and osteoclastogenesis.Description of methods: We enrolled in the study 30 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis randomized to estrogen replacement therapy (HRT) or raloxifene (RLX) associated with calcium and vitamin D or calcium and vitamin D alone.<p cl...

We studied changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in bone cell cultures obtained from human subjects with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, to evaluate differences between these patients and healthy subjects. We enrolled 36 patients: 12 undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty for osteoporotic femoral fractures (group A, mean age range 57–80), 12 for hip osteoarthritis (group B, mean age range 57–80), and 12 healthy subjects who suffered a high-energy...

Introduction: Collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as hyaluronan (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are basic elements of bone structure and collagen-GAG composites are currently developed for a wide range of applications. Here, we report on the molecular and cellular effects of GAGs and their sulfated derivatives on osteocytes, which are fundamental orchestrators of bone remodeling.Materials and methods: The effects of native and sulfate-modified ...

Introduction: The aim was to examine serum levels of RANKL, OPG and TNF-α before and after curative surgery (PTX) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, and their relationship to bone turnover and bone loss.Patients and methods: A 46 patients with rather severe primary hyperparathyroidism (mean PTH=196 pg/ml, mean total Ca=11.4 mg/dl, spine osteoporosis in 50%, hip osteoporosis in a third) mean age of 63.3±12.3 years, 41 women/five males...

Introduction: Heterotopic ossification (OH) is a rare condition characterized by the presence of extra-skeletal ossification; in most cases OH is due to the inactivation of the gene of guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide (GNAS). In some cases they remain confined to skin and subcutaneus tissues (osteoma cutis, Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a and c (PHP1a/c), and pseudopseudohypothyroidism (PPHP)),...

Background: Geleophysic dysplasia is a rare genetic bone disorder characterized by severe short stature, short hands and feet, characteristic facial features, limited joint mobility, thick skin, progressive cardiac valvular disorders and sometimes upper respiratory stenosis. Diagnosis of this disorder is based on clinical and radiographic criteria. Until now only 60 cases have been reported in the literature.Case report: One-month-old male baby was initi...