Bone Abstracts

Standard DXA measurements, including FRAX scores, are limited in assessing fracture risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Novel, general applicable biomarkers are therefore needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are secreted into the circulation from cells of various tissues proportional to local disease severity. Serum miRNA classifiers including miR-550a-5p were recently found to discriminate T2D women without and with prevalent fragility fractures with high specificity and sensitivity (AUC&#6...

Objective: Bone fractures are very common in children and their number is growing every year. Vitamin D has a proven role in the prevention of fractures. In the recent study, we have shown that children with low-energy fractures have significantly lower vitamin D blood levels compared to the children without fractures. Our data indicate that higher levels of vitamin D reduced the risk of fracture by 1.06 times (P<0.0005).Past decade has seen...

In clinical research protocols, HR-pQCT images (XtremCT Scanco, voxel size: 82 (μm3) are carried out to evaluate trabecular and cortical bone changes induced by osteoporosis and treatments. Micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) has become a standard tool for examination of trabecular and cortical bone in 3D.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of cortical and trabecular measurements derived from HR-pQCT images with morpho...

Small GTPases of the Rho family (RhoA and Rac-1) are responsible for cytoskeleton dynamics (particularly actin polymerisation) and control cellular tension. For these reasons, they are implicated in the commitment of multipotent cells (MCs). In one hand, increased tension (important RhoA activity) is commonly associated with osteogenesis (OS), in the other hand, a reduced one (low RhoA activity) is associated with adipogenesis (AD). Nevertheless, precise RhoGTPases regulations...

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease of the liver of unknown origin, that suddenly appears in previously healthy, normally growing children. Standard therapy is long-term prednisone, aimed at avoiding progression to cirrhosis. Considering the inflammatory origin of the disease and the long-term steroid therapy, negative consequences for bone health can be expected, but no data on this complication have been published until now.<p cl...

Background: Trisomy 9p is a rare abnormality caused by duplication of the short arm of chromosome 9. Translocation t(9;11) is a rarer variant. Both anomalies are compatible with long survival. Clinical manifestations are very variable, and include short height, mental retardation, hypertelorism, strabismus, foot/hand anomalies, delayed bone maturation. Low bone mineral density (BMD) or fragility fractures have never been reported.Presenting prob...

Introduction: Osteoblast lineage cells express glutamate receptors and secrete glutamate, which acts as an autocrine factor to promote cellular differentiation and activation. However, the mechanisms by which glutamate regulates these functions, remain unclear.Methods: Primary osteoblasts were isolated from calvaria of 2–3 days old mice. The cells were treated with inhibitors of glutamate transporters, namely the Scl1a1 and Scl1a3 inhibitor L...

Objectives: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare condition characterized by the inability of the adrenal gland to produce cortisol. The classical form is due to the deficit of 21-hydroxylase activity (21-OHD) and it accounts for 90–95% of all CAH cases. Treatment of CAH patients consists of life-long glucocorticoid therapy, which must be dosed carefully to avoid excessive or insufficient adrenal suppression. There are data showing low bone mineral density (BMD) ...

Tumour necrosis factor receptor associated factors (TRAFs) play a key role in signal transduction in mammalian cells. Several members of the TRAF family have been identified but only TRAF2 and TRAF6 are implicated in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Here we studied the role of TRAF2 and TRAF6 in breast cancer induced bone cell activity and osteolysis. We observed that TRAF2, but not TRAF6, is highly expressed in the human MDA-MB-231 (MDA-231) bone-seeking breast cancer ce...

Desbuquois dysplasia (DBQD) is a rare recessive chondrodysplasia, characterized by growth retardation, multiple dislocations and advanced carpal ossification. Two forms of DBQD have been described on the basis of the presence (type 1) or absence (type 2) of characteristic hand anomalies. DBQD type 1 is caused by mutations in the Calcium-Activated Nucleotidase 1 gene (CANT1), while DBQD type 2 is caused by mutations in the xylosiltransferase 1 gene.CANT1 ...