Bone Abstracts

Calcium and vitamin D are essential components for bone health, thus calcium and vitamin D supplementation is an important strategy in the management of osteoporosis.However, the benefit of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone health is still controversial. Moreover, potentially harmful effects of excessive calcium supplementation on cardiovascular health are recently suggested. Too high a level of vitamin D has been also reported to have severa...

Objectives: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant disorder attributed to mutations in the Notch signaling pathway. Children with ALGS are at increased risk for fragility fracture, but the etiology of this disposition is unknown. Our objective was to characterize bone mass, geometry, and microarchitecture in children with ALGS.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 10 children (9 females) ages 8-18 years, with a clinical diagnosis of ALG...

Background: Both osteoporosis and tooth loss are major health problems that are frequently observed in postmenopausal women. Authors in this study investigated the relationship between low bone mineral density and edentulism.Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2012. A total of 2129 postmenopausal women (50–80 years), who had bone mineral density measured and ha...

The osteocyte most likely plays a role in bone remodeling by instructing osteoclasts to remove bone at specific sites. This entire process includes recruitment, proliferation and differentiation of osteoclast precursors. And osteocytes are responsible for detecting and responding to mechanical strain and may send signal to other cells. Therefore, to determine the role for osteocytes and mechanical strain in bone remodeling, we examined the effect of steady or pulsatile shear s...

Objectives: There are some studies that evaluated changes of bone marrow density (BMD) and re-fracture after zoledronic acid injection. However, there is no study that showed about the fracture on all of the body, fracture healing, and improvement of clinical symptom after zoledronic acid injection. In this study, authors evaluated the 1-year BMD change, changes of lumbar pain in lumbar spine fractures, effects on fracture healing, re-fracture and additional fracture on other ...

Poor bone mineralization remains a major health problem in patients with Thal and has been linked to functional zinc deficiency despite adequate dietary intake. The global etiology of poor bone mineralization includes inadequate dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D, endocrinopathies leading to disturbed calcium homeostasis, dysregulation of the GH–IGF1 axis, and delayed puberty, all resulting in limited growth, decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption. Th...

Better quality of cartilage repair in developing skeleton is recognized. The associated repair factors may be important in osteoarthritis and those factors would be the targets for the management of osteoarthritis. Microarray analysis of cartilage repair in rat knee joint was therefore carried out. Surgical injury on the femoral cartilage of the right patello-femoral joint in the 3- and 8-week-old rats for 2 weeks was first made. The left side of joint cartilage was used as th...

Gene deletion or treatments with a cathepsin K (CatK) inhibitor in mature preclinical models result not only result in lower bone resorption but also in higher bone formation (BF) on both remodeling and modeling surfaces. Although increased production of clastokines and matrix-derived growth factors may explain the increased BF at remodeling surfaces, the mechanisms for greater BF at modeling surfaces, including the periosteum, remain unexplained. We hypothesized that the abse...

In bone marrow, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Onset of osteoporosis with age stems in part from the enhanced bone marrow adipogenesis that represses osteogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate that disruption of nuclear factor I-C (NFI-C) impairs osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, and increases bone marrow adipocytes. Interestingly, NFI-C controls postnatal bone formation but does not influence...

Paget’s disease of bone is a condition where the process of bone remodeling is disrupted; Its primary event is an increased bone resorption followed by a subsequent reactive bone formation. The disease is most common in central Europe, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. It is also found, though with lower incidence, in southern Europe, Scandinavia, and the United States. It is extremely rare in East Asian countries, especially in Korea, Japan, China, the Midd...