Bone Abstracts

Low protein diet (LPD) impairs body growth, decreases serum IGF1 and increases serum FGF21, two hepatokines influencing bone growth. Low calcium-phosphate diet (LCaPiD) increases serum calcitriol. We hypothesized that LPD effects on bone growth may differ according to calcium and phosphate intakes through the hormonal modulation of calcitriol, IGF1 and FGF21. One-month old rats were fed isocaloric diets containing 10 or 5% casein (10Prot, 5Prot), with 1.0% calcium and 0.8% pho...

Tumour necrosis factor receptor associated factors (TRAFs) play a key role in signal transduction in mammalian cells. Several members of the TRAF family have been identified but only TRAF2 and TRAF6 are implicated in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Here we studied the role of TRAF2 and TRAF6 in breast cancer induced bone cell activity and osteolysis. We observed that TRAF2, but not TRAF6, is highly expressed in the human MDA-MB-231 (MDA-231) bone-seeking breast cancer ce...

Introduction: The matrilin-3 polymorphism T298M has been described to be associated with hand osteoarthritis in the carpometacarpal joint 1 (CMC1) and with spinal disc degeneration. In vitro studies revealed that expression levels, processing and secretion of matrilin-3 T298M were similar to the wt protein. Structural analysis indicated an impact on the formation of collagen II/IX/XI heterofibrils, whereas the binding to collagen was not affected. We have now generate...

Introduction: Current Canadian clinical practice guidelines recommend the FRAX or Canadian Association of Radiologists and Osteoporosis Canada (CAROC) fracture risk assessment tools to report 10-year fracture risk in an individual. CAROC considers sex, age, BMD and previous fracture as risk factors. It is unknown whether one reporting system is more effective in helping general practitioners (GPs) identify individuals who should be recommended for pharmacological treatment. We...

We have shown previously that TSG–6 acts as an autocrine regulator of osteoclast activity in vitro, capable of inhibiting RANKL-mediated osteoclastic bone resorption with a similar potency to OPG1,2. Thus, the TSG–6 protein has the potential to be developed as a novel treatment for osteoporosis, which is associated with excessive bone loss3.The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic potential of the is...

A micro-indentation technology potentially allows in vivo investigation of intrinsic bone tissue quality, a determinant of bone fragility. Thus the signification of the parameters investigated is still unclear.Since protein malnutrition affects bone material level properties – geometry and strength – rats were fed a normal or an isocaloric low-protein diet. Both femurs were collected and measurements of geometry using micro CT, materia...

Radiation therapy is one of the most effective and indispensable treatment modalities for cancer patients. Known tissue complications caused by radiation-induced stem cell depletion, may result in structural and functional alterations of the surrounding matrix. Although, studies have demonstrated that ionizing radiation can induce apoptosis and senescence, little is known about the effects of therapeutic irradiation concerning the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to the os...

Astronauts on exploratory space missions will experience a complex environment that includes microgravity and radiation. While the deleterious effects of unloading on bone are well established, fewer studies have focused on the effects of radiation. Space radiation produces distinct biological damages which, up to now, little is known about the correlation between radiation exposure and bone tissue. In our study we used osteoblastic precursor cells to investigate the radiation...

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) modulates activity of proteins by removing two aminoterminal amino acids. DPP4 inhibitors are currently being used to improve glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetes patients by increasing the half-life of DPP4 substrates. It has been shown that these substrates do not only increase pancreatic insulin secretion, but also influence bone cell activity. The potential therapeutic effect of DPP4 inhibition on bone metabolism is thus worth being investigat...

see PP361....