Bone Abstracts

Dysfunctions of Wnt/β-catenin and estrogen receptor signalling resulted in impaired mechanotransduction and bone loss as in osteoporosis. Previous studies demonstrated the interaction of these pathways in mechanotransduction in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the influence of the activation of estrogen receptor and β-catenin signalling on mechanically induced bone formation was investigated in ovariectomized mice. 12-week-old mice were ovariectomi...

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has recently emerged as a factor able to concurrently target age related diseases as neurodegenerative disease, osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome. However the role of BDNF in the frailty syndrome associated with aging has never been investigated. The deletion of central BDNF gene in mice results in increased bone mass and in vitro experiments show that BDNF has a positive effect on bone. BDNF expression is mediated by estroge...

Osteocalcin, the neurotrophins BDNF/NGF and Oxytocin(Oxt) have pleiotropic effects on energy metabolism, bone mass, reproduction and brain functions suggesting a coordinated regulation. The carboxylated osteocalcin(Ost) acts on bone, while the uncarboxylated Ost shows hormone-like actions. NGF regulates female fertility elevating LH, Ost−/− mice show high LH in spite of decreased testosterone. BDNF/NGF-Oxt-Ost interactions was investigated by RT-PCR meas...

Background: Autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia (ADH) is caused by activating mutations of the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR). Symptomatology ranges from asymptomatic hypocalcaemia to paraesthesia, tetani, laryngospasm and seizures. This is the first report of congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) in a child with ADH.Presenting problem and clinical management: A female infant, born at term from non-consanguineous parents. She presented on D2 with persistent asy...

Introduction: For the very first time were assessed in vivo the metabolic and lipid profiles of osteocytes. During menopause period the appearance of an osteoporotic condition can be associated with an overall metabolic decline in bone cells, as well an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and we hypothesized that it is mainly attributed to osteocytes metabolic and lipid changes, which could be apparently attenuated after raising blood estradiol (E2) levels. To ...

The aim of management is to normalize serum calcium and reduce PTH levels, leading to improvement in any associated symptoms. Parathyroidectomy (PTx) is the only curative treatment and should be recommended for PHPT patients with symptomatic disease, but also considered in asymptomatic patients who meet surgical criteria defined by international guidelines. Studies of the natural history of asymptomatic PHPT indicate that in the absence of PTx some patients show stability in s...

Introduction: Collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as hyaluronan (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are basic elements of bone structure and collagen-GAG composites are currently developed for a wide range of applications. Here, we report on the molecular and cellular effects of GAGs and their sulfated derivatives on osteocytes, which are fundamental orchestrators of bone remodeling.Materials and methods: The effects of native and sulfate-modified ...

Introduction: Vertebroplasty (VP) and ballon kyphoplasty (BKP) are used in the treatment of the vertebral compression fractures (VCF), that usually result in a typical wedged deformation. It is still under debate which technique is the best, in terms of efficacy, costs, and safety, mainly about the risk of a adjacent new fractures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the biomechanical outcome of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty by a computational comparative analysis with finit...

Bone is continuously remodeled to remove damage, to adapt to changes in mechanical demands and to regulate calcium homeostasis. The first aim is accomplished by coupled bone formation and resorption whereas adaptation requires sites of formation to differ from those of resorption. The regulation of circulating ions is achieved by a stochastic exchange of bone packets. Here, we investigated these different aspects of remodeling in healthy and ovariectomized (OVX) mice treated w...

Introduction: Heterotopic ossification (OH) is a rare condition characterized by the presence of extra-skeletal ossification; in most cases OH is due to the inactivation of the gene of guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide (GNAS). In some cases they remain confined to skin and subcutaneus tissues (osteoma cutis, Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a and c (PHP1a/c), and pseudopseudohypothyroidism (PPHP)),...