Bone Abstracts

Urolithiasis is characterized by formation and retention of solid crystals within the urinary tract. There are numerous causes that may lead to urinary stone formation. However, kidney stones are mostly composed of calcium oxalate that predominantly generates free radicals that are toxic to renal tubular cells.The aim of the study is to explore the toxic effect of oxalate to renal epithelial cells and to explore possible effects of antioxidants on its in...

Suppression of parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been suggested as a potential biochemical outcome measure for determining the optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S25(OH)D) concentration for bone health in adults. However, in adolescents increases in PTH may not be driven by the same mechanisms and may not be detrimental to bone health. Adolescent studies have provided a wide range of estimates of the S25(OH)D concentration at which PTH plateaus (40–90 nmol/l), with some repor...

Evidence is unclear on the effect of vitamin D intake on vitamin D status in children.Objective: In a meta-analysis, investigate the effect of vitamin D supplements and/or fortified foods on vitamin D status, using the biomarker 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in children 2–18 years.Methods: Eligible studies were randomized placebo-controlled trials, published in English, in children 2–18 years that compared vitamin D suppl...

Objectives: Childhood osteoporosis can be treated with i.v. bisphosphonates in order to improve bone mass and density. The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 6-monthly zoledronic acid (ZA) in children with osteoporosis.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 27 patients (16 males and 11 females) were treated with 6-monthly ZA (0.05 mg/kg per dose) for a minimum of 1 year. Seventeen patients were immobile, 4 had steroid-induce...

Background: Hyperphosphataemic familial tumoral calcinosis (HFTC) is a rare autosomal recessive condition in which increased renal phosphate reabsorption is associated with elevated serum phosphate, inappropriately normal or raised PTH and extraosseous calcification. It is caused by mutations in genes related to phosphate metabolism: fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactos...

Patients with hypoparathyroidism lack sufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) and exhibit reduced bone turnover, abnormally increased bone mineral density (BMD), and abnormal bone microarchitecture. Current treatment regimens fail to address underlying PTH deficiency. In the REPLACE phase III trial, treatment with rhPTH(1–84) restored mineral homeostasis, increased bone turnover markers (BTMs), and decreased BMD in patients with hypoparathyroidism.REPE...

Objectives: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a life-threatening eating disorder often associated with reduced bone mass. The aim of the present study was to investigate vitamin D status and the association with BMI, fat mass and bone mineral density (BMD) during a novel intensive nutrition therapy in young AN women.Methods: Twenty-five female AN patients (20.1±2.3 years, BMI 15.5±0.9 kg/m2) admitted to a specialised inpatient eating disorder...

Background: Hypophosphataemic rickets (HPR) is an inherited condition of phosphate wasting associated with abnormal bone biochemistry and features of rickets. Most patients respond to treatment with alfacalcidol and oral phosphate. Raised levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) generally indicate a need for refining treatment, or poor compliance.Presenting problem: We report the case of a 36 week gestation male infant born to c...

Background: In the National Osteoporosis Guide 2014 all the patients are first recommended adequate calcium and vitamin D intake. For additional treatment US FDA approves the use of medications within seven different drug groups, but no magnesium. We have therefore studied the beneficial effect of Mg added to a Ca/vitamin D regime.Study: Fifty healthy women aged above 70 years recruited from elderly center were randomized into a Mg supplementation group ...

Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a major regulator of phosphate metabolism often elevated in genetic hypophosphataemic disorders and in chronic kidney disease–bone mineral disorder (CKD–BMD). Recent studies have identified relationships between FGF23 and vitamin D.Objectives: To determine the relationship between vitamin D and FGF23 metabolism in CKD.Method: We used randomized samples from patient...