Bone Abstracts

Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) plays a key role in osteoclastogenesis through the regulation of RANK/CD40 TRAF6-mediated signaling. Mice deficient in TRAF6 exhibit high bone mass and were protected against inflammation-induced bone loss. Here we describe the effects of a small-molecule 6877002 that has been shown to prevent the binding of TRAF6 to its domain on RANK/CD40 receptor on osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo and on...

An orthogonally-anisotropic Biot-Johnson-Allard (BJA) model in which the dependences of tortuosity on porosity and angle are determined empirically from acoustic measurements on bone replicas has been developed. Phase velocities and attenuations of the fast and slow waves versus frequency, porosity and angle of propagation have been predicted by using BJA model. The attenuation of the fast wave is below 0.5 Np/m throughout the frequency and propagation angle range. The attenua...

Objective: We have observed sex-specific effects of pregnancy calcium carbonate supplementation in 8–12 year old Gambian children, indicating slower growth after infancy in girls born to calcium-supplemented mothers but faster in boys.1,2 IGF-1 is a key driver of growth and is responsive to calcium supplementation.3 The aim of this study was to determine whether the pregnancy supplement had resulted in sex-specific effects on mid-childhood IGF1 of th...

Background: We identified a family with early onset X-linked osteoporosis and fracturesMethods: We performed whole exome sequencing of the X chromosome in three affected members. After discovering a putative pathogenic variant we performed Sanger sequencing of all exons of this gene in other members of this family and in 95 unrelated men suspected of OI type I without COL1A1/2 mutations. We also genotyped a SNP in this gene (minor allele frequency 0.02) ...

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Heritability of bone mineral density (BMD) varies at skeletal sites, possibly reflecting different relative contributions of environmental and genetic influences. To quantify shared genetic influences across different sites, we estimated the genetic correlation of BMD at the upper limb (UL), lower limb (LL), and skull (S) obtained from whole body DXA scans, using bivariate genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA). The study (n=9395) combined data from the Avon Longit...

see PP69....

Osteoporotic fractures are very common and represent an enormous unmet medical need. Our group has previously reported that addition of rTNF to the fracture site promotes fracture healing in C57/BL6 mice (Glass et al. PNAS 2011). Using a murine fracture model of endochondral healing, we observed that local addition of rTNF only accelerates fracture repair if administered within the first 24 h following injury. The optimal therapeutic dose is 1 ng. TNF is firs...

To further characterize the role of serotonin (5HT) in bone metabolism, Wistar-Zagreb rat model consisting of the high-5HT and low-5HT subline with different platelet 5HT content and transporter (5HTT) activity has been used.Primary osteoclasts from the high-5HT subline had an increased expression of 5HTT, 5HT–2A receptor, Trap and cathepsin K, while osteoblasts showed no difference in the expression of 5HT elements or osteoblastic markers. However,...

Introduction: Effective screening for vitamin D (Vit-D) insufficiency is desirable. Pigmentation of unexposed (constitutive) skin and exposed (facultative) skin can be measured with skin colourimetry to assess dermal capability in synthesizing Vit-D and degree of sunlight exposure respectively. This study aimed at evaluating whether skin colourimetry could be used to screen Vit-D insufficiency among adolescents.Methods: 240 healthy adolescents (mean age=...