Bone Abstracts

Background: Hyperphosphatasia may be seen in liver disorders or metabolic bone disease with the most common cause likely to be Vitamin D deficiency. However, we report the case of child who had high ALP levels from infancy along with intellectual retardation. Genetic testing revealed Mabry Syndrome.Presenting problem: At birth, a micrognanthia and a cleft palate was apparent. She went to have developmental delay, impaired vision, and was wheelchair depen...

Objectives: Pediatric vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D - 25OHD) deficiency can lead to nutritional rickets and extra-skeletal complications. Compliance with daily therapy can be difficult, making high dose, short-term vitamin D (stoss) therapy attractive to correct vitamin D deficiency. We compared the effectiveness and safety of standard versus stoss therapy in treating childhood 25OHD deficiency.Study design: Children aged 2–16 years with 25OHD &#60...

Objectives: Mice with a non-functioning vitamin D receptor (VDR mutants) develop severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, which can be rescued by a diet enriched with calcium, phosphate and lactose. In this work, we studied the effects of a low calcium challenge (CD), normal calcium (ND) and a calcium enriched rescue diet (RD) on the bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD) and osteocyte lacunae sections (OLS) in these mice.Methods: BMDD and OLS were...

Objectives: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), is a group of rare, heritable disorder of bone and connective tissue. The pathogenicity of OI arises from the mutations in about 17 different genes, involved in collagen type 1 synthesis, processing, post-translational modification, folding, cross-linking, bone mineralization, and osteoblast differentiation. Based on Sillence classification, there are four types of OI; Type I (mild, non-deforming), Type II (perinatal lethal), Type III ...

Selective p38α inhibitors have been found to prevent bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency but implicated mechanisms remained to be identified. The p38 MAPK pathway has been suggested to influence bone resorption at different regulatory levels. In osteoblasts, p38α has been reported to be involved in the production of osteoclastogenic interleukin 6 and Rankl in response to various bone-resorptive agents in vitro. Therefore, we investigated whether p38&#94...

We have reported femoral osteopenia in short term-vitamin D restricted rats without deterioration in tibial cortical bone volume (CBV), geometry or strength1. This study aimed to establish the effect of extended vitamin D deficiency in aged rat tibial volume and strength. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (9 m, n=6/group) were fed a diet containing varying vitamin D3 (D) levels (0, 2, 12, and 20 IU/day) with either low (0.1%, LCa) or high (1%, HCa) diet...

Glucocorticoids inhibit osteoblast function and cause an increase in osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis. Bone remodelling defects occur resulting in an increase in fracture risk that cannot be fully explained by decreases in bone mineral density (BMD). We propose that this may be due to alterations in bone quality. Trabecular bone score (TBS) correlates with 3D bone micro-architectural parameters and can be derived directly from grey-level variations within 2D DXA images.<...

Numerous studies have reported beneficial effects of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue repair and regeneration. These multipotent cells can be isolated from many different adult tissues and give rise to different cell lineages. The most well-characterized source for adult stem cells is still adult bone marrow, however in the past decade, subpopulations of stem cells have been isolated from dental tissues. Dental pulp has been identified as a promising source ...

Introduction: Current Canadian clinical practice guidelines recommend the FRAX or Canadian Association of Radiologists and Osteoporosis Canada (CAROC) fracture risk assessment tools to report 10-year fracture risk in an individual. CAROC considers sex, age, BMD and previous fracture as risk factors. It is unknown whether one reporting system is more effective in helping general practitioners (GPs) identify individuals who should be recommended for pharmacological treatment. We...

Understanding normal patterns of bone growth is important for optimising bone health in children and reducing osteoporotic fractures in later life. Recently published guidelines for bone assessment in children state that to predict fractures a technique should identify children at risk of clinically significant fractures and that dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) is the preferred method of assessment. Despite these guidelines there is still inconsistency and lack of consensus r...