Bone Abstracts

Introduction: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone is a benign, non-inheritable disease characterized by bone pain, bone deformities and fractures. Its prevalence is ~1 in 30 000 individuals and diagnosis is based on the clinical and radiologic findings and is confirmed by biopsy. Yet, in some cases biopsy is not applicable.Case report: A young woman presented to our outpatient clinic with a history of pain localized at the distal half of the left tibia that h...

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) or miyositis ossificans progressiva is a hereditary mesodermal tissue characterized by progressive ossification of striated muscle, tendon, ligament, fasciae, aponeurose and occasionally skin. A single common heterozygous mutation has been identified in the cytoplasmic domain of activin receptor IA/activin-like kinase 2 (ACVR1/ALK2). FOP is very rare with a worldwide prevalence of ~1 case in 2 million individuals. Diagnosis is based ...

Background: This study was designed to investigate the process of bone formation caused by implantation of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) in rat tibiae.Methods: We used 25 young male Sprague–Dawley rats. A full thickness standardized trephine defect, 3-mm in diameter, was surgically created on the superior end of right and left tibia. Amount of 6-μg synthetic octacalcium phosphate was implanted into a bony defect on the right tibia as an experimen...

The childhood and adolescent years represent a critical period for bone acquisition. Extrinsic factors such as diet and physical activity represent modifiable variables that may have a significant impact on a young adult’s peak bone mass. This lecture will consider dietary supplementation with specific nutrients as a strategy to augment bone density during the childhood and teenage years. An overview will be provided, as well as data reviewed from supplementation trials i...

The close relationship between muscle and bone has long been recognized especially during development where one tissue does not develop in the absence of the other. The mechanical interactions between the two tissues have dominated research under the assumption that the major interaction between the two tissues was the loading/unloading of bone by muscle. Though clear that loading of bone by muscle is necessary to maintain healthy bone, the concept that bone could have positiv...

The cathepsin K inhibitor odanacatib (ODN) is a bone formation-sparing inhibitor of osteoclastic resorption activity. This drug is currently under development for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. To support the bone safety profile of ODN, we evaluated the effects of ODN on trabecular bone hard tissue properties in the estrogen-deficient model of the ovariectomized (OVX) rhesus monkeys. Animals (n=16/group, age 11–22 years) were treated immediately af...

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is the most abundant growth factor in human bone. Several polymorphisms have been described in the TGF-β1 gene (TGFB1). We have previously shown that individuals with the CC genotype of the T29C polymorphism have higher bone mass at the femoral neck. The T29C polymorphism causes a change from leucine to proline at codon 10, which is located in the hydrophobic α-helical part of the signal peptide....

Background and methods: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a potent antiangiogenic factor, ubiquitously expressed and secreted in human tissues. Hypertrophic cartilage and osteoblasts express PEDF that binds to type I collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix. Two rare forms of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) with intact collagen synthesis are associated with PEDF deficiency. Histological observations revealed excessive osteoid formation and prolonged m...

Peak bone mass is a major determinant of osteoporosis risk and subsequent fragility fractures in older age. There is a wide range of factors influencing peak bone mass, ranging from those acting very early in life, for example in utero and periconception, to those acting through childhood and adolescence into young adulthood. In this presentation I will give an overview of some overarching themes and principles of relevance to peak bone mass, using specific clinical scenarios ...

Objectives: Conventional wisdom suggests that bone is most responsive to physical activity during the growing the years, especially the period just before puberty. Few studies have addressed the entire period of adolescence and even fewer have done so using bone imaging techniques to capture structural outcomes which contribute to bone strength. Using a well-defined cohort (The Iowa Bone Development Study, IBDS), this report examined the magnitude and consistency of the associ...