Bone Abstracts

Background: Activating mutations in the calcium sensing receptor can result in severe hypoparathyroidism with symptomatic hypocalcaemia. Complications of treatment with calcitriol or alfacacidol include hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis and renal failure. The use of synthetic parathyroid hormone (PTH 1–34, teriparatide) provides a more physiological treatment option and reduces the risk of hypercalciuria.We report our experience with such a patient w...

Background: Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia (IIH) is a rare cause of infantile hypercalcemia characterized by failure to thrive, vomiting, dehydration, and nephrocalcinosis. This condition has recently been associated with mutations in the CYP24A1 gene, which encodes 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase, the key enzyme of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 degradation. Until now, only 13 cases genetically tested for IIH have been reported in the literature.Case ...

Background: Elevated plasma homocysteine levels are a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Supplementation with vitamin B12/folic acid lowers homocysteine levels. This study aimed to determine whether vitamin B12/folic acid supplementation reduces osteoporotic fracture incidence in hyperhomocysteinemic elderly.Methods: B-PROOF is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial including 2 919 participants aged ≧65 years with elevated homocyste...

Background: Treatments that result in greater increases in bone mass of normal quality by increasing bone formation rather than decreasing resorption are needed. Abaloparatide is a synthetic analog of PTHrP1-34 that has shown strong efficacy to increase bone mass and bone strength in animals. We conducted two phase 2 placebo-controlled studies both of which included abaloparatide 80 μg sc daily (ABL) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Study 1 also inclu...

BMP6 is a member of the TGFβ superfamily with a high potential to induce new bone formation. Recently, we discovered that blood coagulum from the patient’s own blood (WBCD) modified with calcium salts serves as an appropriate autologous carrier for BMPs (OSTEOGROW device). Preclinical experiments indicate that BMP6 is efficacious when used in a significantly lower amounts than BMP2 and BMP7. Besides testing its osteogenic activity, we also tested the influence of the...

Alterations in fetal nutrition result in developmental adaptations that permanently alter the structure, physiology and metabolism of the offspring. β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is the bioactive metabolite of leucine responsible for inhibiting proteolysis and for modulating protein turnover in vitro and in vivo.The aim of the study was to determine the effect of maternal administration with HMB on mineralization, geometry ...

The purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between the formation and composition of incremental lines in tooth dentin and the role of melatonin through histological and analytical studies. In this experiment, 5, 6 and 7 day old SD rats were used. These rats were divided into three groups: i) a control group (0.5% alcohol content drinking water); ii) a low concentration group (0.5% alcohol+20 μg/ml melatonin content drinking water); and iii) a high con...

Constant remodeling of extracellular matrix is a hallmark during physiological conditions, such as stem cell differentiation, embryogenesis and tissue repair. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) play a key role in these processes. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental pulp are multipotent and have the capacity to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are a family of signaling molecules critically involved at various stages in the formation...

Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is the second most common metabolic bone disorder, after osteoporosis. Optineurin (OPTN) gene, which is located within the PDB6 locus, and appears to be upregulated by TNFα and NF-kB, has been found to be associated with PDB in several European populations with PDB in genome-wide association studies. Several nucleotidic variations in OPTN were previously associated with PDB and may contribute to PDB pathogenesis. Recently, we have identi...

In the recent years the role of the skeleton in glucose and energy homeostasis has been studied. In particular the osteoblast-specific protein osteocalcin (OC), in its undercarboxylated form (uOC) has been shown to influence glucose homeostasis in animal models.The aim of our study is to evaluate if the intermittent administration of 1–84 PTH could influence glucose metabolism through its anabolic action on the skeleton.We enr...