Bone Abstracts

A mixture of Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are added to commercial infant formula to promote an intestinal microbiota similar to that prevalent in breast-fed infants to improve Ca bioavailability and general health, but their mechanisms are under debate.Our objective was to evaluate the beneficial effects of the mixture of GOS/FOS added to infant formulae, on the absorption of Ca, Mg and P of a low Ca diet. Changes in in...

Introduction: The utility of the determination of bone turnover markers in the evaluation of fracture risk at the patient level is not well-established. In type 2 diabetes (T2DM) there is an increased risk of fractures despite of higher bone mineral density. A recent study shows that a femoral neck T-score of −2.1 in males and −1.9 in females with T2DM present the same fracture risk than subjects without diabetes with a T-score −2.5 (Schwart...

Introduction: Bisphosphonates are drugs of first choice in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis; they inhibit bone resorbtion.Aim: This study evaluates the efficiency of bisphosphonates (alendronic acid+cholecalciferol 70 mg/5600 IU per weekly vs risedronic acid 35 mg/weekly vs ibandronic acid 150 mg/monthly) after 1 year of therapy.Methods: We present the results of a retrospective study which included 40 women with postme...

Relatively little is known about immediate consequences of continuing vs interrupting long-term bisphosphonate treatment. This report describes changes in bone turnover and BMD in a 1-year, dose-finding trial of the calcium-sensing receptor antagonist MK-5442 in postmenopausal, BP-treated women, randomized to continued alendronate 70 mg weekly, switch to placebo, or switch to MK-5442. Recruited women (n=526) had taken alendronate for ≥12 months and an oral BP fo...

In this case report, we present a brother and sister with hereditary vitamin D resistant rickets (HVDRR). Both children presented at the age of 18 months with severe rickets and elevated serum levels of 1,25-(OH)2D3. They differ from each other in that the girl presented with hypophosphatemia instead of hypocalcemia. Besides, she developed alopecia earlier than the boy and needed more 1,25-(OH)2D3 supplementation. Interestingly, the ...

Background: Genetic disorders of mineral metabolism causing nephrolithiasis and bone abnormalities are uncommon and have a varied clinical spectrum. Hypophosphataemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH) is a rare autosomal-recessive condition, typically presenting with severe rickets and hypophosphataemia. Milder forms can present with hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis without bone disease. The underlying pathophysiology is due to mutations in the SLC34A3 gene, which encodes t...

Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (rhPTH) (1–84) is currently being developed as PTH replacement therapy for patients with hypoparathyroidism. Because rhPTH(1–84) is administered subcutaneously, we compared the pharmacokinetic profile of PTH(1–84) and the calcemic response following S.C. rhPTH(1–84) injection in thigh and abdomen.In this phase 1, open-label, three-way crossover study, healthy postmenopausal women received three ra...

Fracture outpatient (FO) clinics aim to identify individuals at high fracture risk. Identification of individuals at high fracture risk has been improved since the introduction of vertebral fracture assessment (VFA). Unfortunately, participation rates in FO clinics are often low.The aim of this study is to i) assess the contributory value of VFA in addition to BMD measurements in identifying individuals with high fracture risk; ii) assess characteristics...

Skeletal development during childhood and adolescence is an important determinant of adult bone health. Patterns of growth differ between populations, but it is unclear how these differences relate to changes in bone size and volumetric density. We aimed to examine ethnic differences in skeletal phenotype in the context of pubertal growth and development in 279 adolescent males from Johannesburg, South Africa.We performed annual peripheral quantitative c...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterised by periarticular bone destruction leading to permanent disability. Some other forms of arthritis, such as arthritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rarely produce bone lesions. Corresponding to that, inactivation of Fas produces a murine SLE-like phenotype, but alleviates bone loss during antigen-induced arthritis (AIA). Aim of this study was to identify cell populations differentially regulated in non-resorptive vs. resorptive...