Bone Abstracts

Site-specific osteoclasts (OC) and OC-like cells from different pathologies exhibit heterogeneity e.g. in the resorption machinery, influence of anti-resorptive drugs and response to local or systemic hormones e.g. PTH. The explanation for this is not known but different precursors, local regulation through osteoblasts (OB), osteocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM) could be involved. To study these differences a simple and reproducible cell model is an advantage in pre-clinic...

Periprosthetic osteolysis (PO) leading to aseptic loosening, is the most common cause of failure of total hip replacement (THR) in the mid- to long-term. Polyethylene (PE) particulates deriving from the wear of prosthesis liners are bioactive and are implicated in the initiation and progression of osteolysis. Evidence exists that cells of the osteoblast/osteocyte lineage respond to PE particles and contribute to the catabolic response by promoting osteoclastic bone resorption....

Deficiency of Cyclophilin B (CyPB) causes recessively inherited Type IX osteogenesis imperfecta, a moderately severe to lethal bone dysplasia. CyPB, encoded by PPIB, is an ER-resident peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in collagen folding, and also functions as a component of the collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylation complex. We previously demonstrated in a Ppib−/− mouse model that CyPB PPIase activity r...

Background: Pycnodysostosis (PDO) is a rare autosomal recessive high bone mass disorder caused by absence of active cathepsin K, which is a lysosomal cysteine protease that plays an important role in degrading the organic matrix of bones. In spite of open fontanelles, raised intracranial pressure has been reported in children with PDO.Presenting problem: We describe a 13-year-old boy with PDO who developed raised intracranial pressure (ICP) which led to ...

I. HistoryII. How the bisphosphonates changed the management plan?In babies No need to rod non walking childrenIn toddlers More Upper extremity surgeriesLong-term problems: Risk of delayed non-union:Several measures were introduced to limit the risk (no Bisphosphonates 48 hours pre-op, and 4 months post-op) as well as technical ad...

Objectives: Synovial fluid glutamate concentrations increase in various arthritides. Activation of kainate (KA) and AMPA glutamate receptors (GluRs) increase interleukin 6 (IL6) release and cause arthritic pain respectively. GluR antagonists represent potential peripheral treatments for inflammatory arthritis and inflammatory mechanisms that contribute to osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesised that AMPA and KA GluRs are expressed in arthritic joint tissues and that peripheral ad...

The cathepsin K inhibitor odanacatib (ODN) is a bone formation-sparing inhibitor of osteoclastic resorption activity. This drug is currently under development for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. To support the bone safety profile of ODN, we evaluated the effects of ODN on trabecular bone hard tissue properties in the estrogen-deficient model of the ovariectomized (OVX) rhesus monkeys. Animals (n=16/group, age 11–22 years) were treated immediately af...

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of whole-body vibration (WBV) with extremely low-amplitude on early-stage bone healing. Experiments were conducted with an approval of the Animal Research Committee of Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering Science. Male BALB/cByJJcl mice were subjected to a 0.5 mm drill-hole surgery on a tibial diaphysis at 14 weeks of age and divided into three groups (n=8 each) from the day after the surgery, which received ...

The mature human skeleton is a metabolically active organ that is continuously resorbed and rebuilt by osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Dietary supplementation of selected long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) has shown effects on bone turnover. Most research on LCPUFAs has been done using commercially available cell lines and further clarification of the cellular effects on models relevant to humans is required. After ethical approval, peripheral blood was collected fr...

Background: Orally administered ibandronate is an effective agent in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. There are only scarce data regarding its use in children with impaired bone health.Objectives: To evaluate the effect of oral ibandronate on bone health in osteoporotic children and adolescents.Patients, materials and methods: We enrolled six patients (all boys; mean age 15.7±3.8 years; range 8–18 years) with...