Bone Abstracts

In rural Gambian prepubertal children with low calcium intakes (mean 300 mg/day) we reported positive effects, sustained for at least a year (y), on bone mineral content (BMC) after 12 months supplementation with calcium carbonate to international levels1,2. The group was followed up regularly until the end of height growth, and supplementation did not affect height growth in the girls3. Our aim was to determine whether the supplementation altered the tim...

Biogenesis and function of microRNAs can be influenced by genetic variants in the pri-miRNA sequences leading to phenotype variability. The aim of this study was to identify osteoporosis-related SNPs by affecting the expression levels of mature microRNAs.The first approach was to perform an association analysis of putative functional SNPs located in pri-miRNA sequences of bone-related microRNAs with the lumbar spine and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral den...

Vertebral fractures (VF) in adults are the most common osteoporotic fracture, are powerful predictors of future fracture risk (hip X2; spine X5) and their prevalence increases as bone mineral density (BMD) declines. The most common imaging method for diagnosis is spinal radiography, but they can be identified fortuitously also on other imaging techniques performed for various clinical indications.1 Midline reformations of multi-detector CT (MDCT) scans of thorax and...

Rational: Mortality due to non-small cell lung cancers is the first cause of cancer death in men around the world. Lung adenocarcinoma regularly induces bone metastases responsible for high morbidity and impaired life quality. Overall survival of these patients is poor. Thus we aimed to identify if some bone and metabolic parameters were associated with overall survival.Patients and Methods: POUMOS is a prospective cohort of patients suffering from adeno...

It has been established that disturbances of intracellular signaling pathways strongly contribute to the oncologic process. Indeed, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) became a key target in cancer therapy, due to its high frequency of mutation and/or gain of function of its catalytic subunits in cancer cells. In this context, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of a new PI3Kα inhibitor, BYL719 (Novartis Pharma), on bone cells and its thera...

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, characterized by osteoid production and/or osteolytic lesions of bone. Despite recent improvements in chemotherapy and surgery, the problem of non-response to chemotherapy remains and constitutes a poor prognosis parameter. Consequently new therapeutic strategies aim to improve the overall rate of survival. The present work investigated the therapeutic interest of a dual phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalia...

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Osteoporotic fractures are very common and represent an enormous unmet medical need. Our group has previously reported that addition of rTNF to the fracture site promotes fracture healing in C57/BL6 mice (Glass et al. PNAS 2011). Using a murine fracture model of endochondral healing, we observed that local addition of rTNF only accelerates fracture repair if administered within the first 24 h following injury. The optimal therapeutic dose is 1 ng. TNF is firs...

Periprosthetic osteolysis (PO) leading to aseptic loosening, is the most common cause of failure of total hip replacement (THR) in the mid- to long-term. Polyethylene (PE) particulates deriving from the wear of prosthesis liners are bioactive and are implicated in the initiation and progression of osteolysis. Evidence exists that cells of the osteoblast/osteocyte lineage respond to PE particles and contribute to the catabolic response by promoting osteoclastic bone resorption....

Osteoblasts produce protein-crosslinking enzymes, transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and factor XIIIA (FXIIIA), which regulate fibronectin matrix stabilization and osteoblast differentiation in vitro. To examine if they are important in bone remodeling and in maintenance of bone quality and mass in vivo, we performed skeletal phenotyping of Tgm2−/− and F13a1−/− mice and generated a double-null Tgm2</em...