Bone Abstracts

Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing multinucleated cells that differentiate from monocyte/macrophage-lineage precursors. Bone destruction and osteoporosis are attributed to excessively activated osteoclasts. Osteoclast differentiation is governed by diverse regulatory processes including nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) activation in response to RANKL. The mechanism of epigenetic regulation of NFATc1 in osteoclastogenesis not investigated yet. Here we test a hypothesis ...

Objectives: Osteopenia is a complication of childhood cancer treatment but it is unknown to which extend this occurs in adult survivors, and which subgroups are at risk. We examined bone mineral density (BMD) and assed the relative importance of potential determinants of low BMD in very long-term adult survivors of childhood cancer.Methods: The single-center cohort study included 410 adult CCSs (median age at diagnosis: 6.6 years (range: 0–17 years)...

Bone fractures of patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represent an emerging socioeconomic problem. Underling mechanisms are poorly understood and therapies are limited. Our previous studies have shown that sulfated hyaluronan (sHA3) suppresses osteoclast activity while supporting osteoblast function in vitro. Hence, we now investigated if sHA3 can improve the delayed fracture healing in rats with T2DM.Porous, cross-linked lactide-base...

Introduction: Bisphosphonates gain increasingly greater significance in treatment oncologic diseases with bone metastasis. However, a lot of articles have lately been published in dental and oncological journals on jaw osteonecrosis (ONJ) associated with long-term ingestion of bisphosphonates. Besides extension of clinical recommendations for zolendronate use, most commonly referred to in connection with ONJ, for treatment of Paget’s diseaseand other disturbances of bone ...

Despite mutations in SQSTM1 gene have been detected in up to 50% of patients with familial Paget’s disease of bone (PDB), their prevalence is low in sporadic PDB, likely due to the presence of additional predisposition genes. Recently, at least seven genes were associated with PDB in genome-wide-association studies, including polymorphic variation in OPTN,encoding for optineurin. In particular, a single OPTN variant (rs1561570) was highly associated with...

Background: Hyperphosphatemic Familial Tumoral Calcinosis (HFTC) and Hyperphosphatemic Hyperostosis Syndrome (HHS) are two phenotypes of a disease associated with autosomal recessive mutations in FGF23, GALNT3 and KL, leading to reduced levels and clinical effects of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). We describe a consanguineous family with two affected individuals with HFTC and HHS caused by a novel homozygous mutation in GALNT3. We also...

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related respiratory disorder characterized by repeated episodes of apnea and hypopnea resulting in sleep fragmentation, nocturnal hypoxia and hypercapnia, and excessive daytime sleepiness. OSA has recently become a well-recognized problem in view of its high prevalence in the general population. OSA is associated with many endocrine disorders (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hypercortisolism, glucose intolerance). Th...

Objects: Seventy seven clinically diagnosed pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) patients from our hospital during 2000–2010 were recruited to analyze the clinical features and molecular genetics of Chinese PHP patients.Methods: The clinical data of the 77 PHP patients were retrospectively analyzed. Methylation status of GNAS was detected by combined bisulfiterestriction analysis. Genome DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes. GN...

The pathogenesis of skeletal fragility in diabetes mellitus is poorly defined and efficient therapies are limited. Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus display low bone mass and delayed bone defect healing. We tested whether intermittent treatment with human parathyroid hormone 1–84 (PTH) increases bone mass and bone defect regeneration in diabetic rats.A subcritical gap defect was created at the femur of 10 weeks old diabe...

A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 study evaluated the safety and efficacy of BA058, an analog of hPTHrP(1–34), in postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis. 221 patients were randomized to received BA058 20, 40, and 80 μg, placebo or teriparatide (TP) 20 μg, by daily s.c. injection. 184 (83%) patients completed an initial 24 weeks of treatment. The mean percent change in lumbar spine BMD at 24 weeks was 1.6% with placebo, 6.7% with BA058 80 μg, a...