Bone Abstracts

Objectives: Cross-sectional studies show that exercise may have positive effects on bone outcomes in youth. However, there is no evidence from longitudinal studies, which type of sports can induce improvements in bone acquisition in adolescent athletes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the longitudinal differences in bone acquisition and bone metabolism between adolescent males participating in osteogenic (football) and non-osteogenic (swimming, cycling) sports compa...

Introduction: Bone metastases represent a frequent complication of breast cancer and are characterized by increased tumour-driven activation of osteoclasts and subsequent bone loss. Aminobisphosphonates inhibit osteoclast function and are established therapies of skeletal metastases. Similar to statins, they block the mevalonate pathway and are thought to have direct anti-tumour effects. Here, we report on the anti-tumour potential of a sequential inhibition of the mevalonate ...

Despite its importance, the resorptive surface of osteoclasts has not been directly visualised. We exploited a novel approach that enables us to inspect the substrate-apposed surface of cells. To achieve this, we incubated osteoclasts on vitronectin-coated nail varnish and, afterwards, we dissolved the substrate and visualised the cells resorbing-side up in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). We then employed confocal microscopy to correlate the SEM appearances with the di...

Objective: In many traumatic or pathological conditions, bone turnover is low and osteoclast activity is reduced or abolished. We developed innovative hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds carrying RANKL expressing cells with the aim of supporting bone resorption when this is defective. Membrane-bound (m)RANKL is cleaved into soluble (s)RANKL by MMP14. We hypothesized that the osteoclastogenic potential of RANKL-producing cells could be improved if they were seeded on scaffolds engine...

The quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the proximal phalanges has been used for the indirect evaluation of bone status. Furthermore, the relative simplicity and non-exposure to radiation, presents advantages for the use of QUS compared to other methods in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of age and pubertal development on Amplitude Dependent Speed Sound (AD-SoS) assessed by QUS of proximal phalanges in girls and boys aged 10–15 ...

Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the most common physically disabling childhood motor disorder. Fractures in this group of children are common, however, prevalence and risk factors associated with fractures in children with CP in the UK is not known.Aims: The aims of this cross-sectional survey were 1) to determine the prevalence of fractures in children with moderate-to-severe CP in Greater Manchester 2) to determine the common sites of fracture and 3...

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture than controls without diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare the 10-year probability of hip fracture and a major osteoporotic fracture using the FRAX algorithm between Postmenopausal Korean women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: We used data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2009. The me...

South African studies indicated that urban Black and White women have similar bone turnover. However, urban Black women had low bone mass and greater exposure to lifestyle risk factors for bone disease. The purpose of this prospective study was to assess changes in bone turnover, parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, bone health (forearm, hip and lumbar spine bone mineral density) in urban black South African women over 3 years. Black, urban postmenopausal women (n=144, &...

Introduction: Recently published data revealed that bone turnover is related to the body composition in pubertal children and may be impaired in obese adolescents. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between bone turnover markers, body composition and leptin level in obese children.Material and methods: In 54 obese adolescents (25 boys and 29 girls) in the mean age of 13.96±2.78 years bone turnover markers – osteocalcin (OC),...

In order to examine metabolic and biophysical parameters arising from obesity, male rats were given to drinking 30% sucrose (p/v) for 8 weeks. During the experimental period, animals in the control group (C) consumed higher amounts of food and water, but the body mass was smaller than the group receiving sucrose (S). In this group, the caloric load given to the animals for eight weeks resulted in increased energy consumption, in glycemia and in plasma leptin and abdominal fat....