Bone Abstracts

In order to examine metabolic and biophysical parameters arising from obesity, male rats were given to drinking 30% sucrose (p/v) for 8 weeks. During the experimental period, animals in the control group (C) consumed higher amounts of food and water, but the body mass was smaller than the group receiving sucrose (S). In this group, the caloric load given to the animals for eight weeks resulted in increased energy consumption, in glycemia and in plasma leptin and abdominal fat....

It has suggested that BGP is inversely related to body fat. BGP appears to regulate energetic metabolism through the insulin receptor signaling pathway in the osteoblast, which affects bone resorption and BGP activity. Fat tissue is an endocrine organ that secretes different hormones and growth factors; several of them affect bone remodeling and insulin secretion. The present report comparatively studied total BGP levels, glucose homeostasis and body fat mass in spontaneous ob...

A mixture of Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are added to commercial infant formula to promote an intestinal microbiota similar to that prevalent in breast-fed infants to improve Ca bioavailability and general health, but their mechanisms are under debate.Our objective was to evaluate the beneficial effects of the mixture of GOS/FOS added to infant formulae, on the absorption of Ca, Mg and P of a low Ca diet. Changes in in...

The effects of prolactin on bone metabolism have been the subjects of several studies. It is believed that prolactin acts directly influencing the synthesis of bone matrix by stimulating the osteoblastic activity, since receptors for this hormone have been identified in osteoblasts and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, no study on the effects of prolactin on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was found in the literature. The objective of this study was to verif...

Numerous studies have reported beneficial effects of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue repair and regeneration. These multipotent cells can be isolated from many different adult tissues and give rise to different cell lineages. The most well-characterized source for adult stem cells is still adult bone marrow, however in the past decade, subpopulations of stem cells have been isolated from dental tissues. Dental pulp has been identified as a promising source ...

Introduction: Currently, the only available method to reliably predict osteoporotic fractures is represented by bone mineral density (BMD) measurements on proximal femur or spine, which require the use of X-rays. Aim of this study is to illustrate working principles and feasibility of a new ultrasound (US) method for bone densitometry and osteoporosis diagnosis applicable on both proximal femur and spine.Methods: A new fully automatic algorithm was devel...

Purpose: To evaluate whether calcium and vitamin D intake is associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) serum concentrations or is associated with either the phalangeal dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (pDXA) or the quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS) at the phalanges and the calcaneus in independent elderly men from southwestern Spain.Methods: Serum PTH and 25(OH)D were measured in 199 healthy elderly men (mean age: 73.31...

Objective(s): We aimed to determine the impact of microgravity-induced osteoporosis on the future of space programs.Material and methods: We performed a metanalysis of the available literature, finding out different studies about i) muscle atrophy due to the absence of workload, which can consequently induce bone loss; ii) the effect of long term inactivity on bone mass; iii) the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in women and men in order t...

Ancient Egyptians were well known for the art of embalming, performed in the belief that preservation of the body was essential for survival in the afterlife. During the mummification process, internal organs were removed and some of them (lungs, stomach, liver, and intestines) washed, dehydrated with natron, perfumed, and stored in so-called canopic jars, buried with the mummy. Each jar had established contents and its own protective deity. To date, a limited number of studie...

Objectives: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare disease with cutaneous photosensitivity, in which patients avoid sun exposure and use sunscreen. Our purpose was to study bone mineral density (BMD), serum 25-OHD levels and other mineral parameters, to evaluate the impact of these measures in the follow-up of EPP patients.Patients and methods: A ten EPP patients (median age 25; range 22–55, four males and six females), were study for clinica...